HomeMy WebLinkAboutDocumentation_Environmental Advisory Committee_Tab 03_11/9/2022Agenda Item #3.
Environmental Advisory Committee (EAC)
STAFF MEMO
Meeting: Environmental Advisory Committee (EAC) -Nov 09 2022
Staff Contact: Thomas Bradford, EAC Chair Department: Environmental Advisory
Committee
6h
Request of Village Manager for EAC to make Recommendations for Use or No Use of Artificial Turf as
Landscaping
This document and any attachments may be reproduced upon request in an alternative format by
completing our Accessibility Feedback Form, sending an e-mail to the Village Clerk or calling 561-768-
0443.
PROJECT NAME: BUDGET: n/a ENCUMBERED: n/a
Proposed: Projected Remaining:
n/a n/a
ATTACHMENTS:
Artificial Turf Memo 100522 (Merged) copy
4. Artificual Turf Draft Zoning Text Amendment Rev 20221005 202210051358525359
Page 49 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Village of Tequesta
Environmental Advisory
Committee
Memo
To: Environmental Advisory Committee Members
From: Thomas G. Bradford, Chair, EAC rR
Cc: NA
Date: October 5, 2022
Subject: EAC Artificial Lawn Recommendations
This memorandum addresses issues related to artificial lawns or yards. While the Village Manager
requested our EAC recommendations on allowing or banning artificial turf in yards in his
September 8 email to me, I quickly learned that there appears to be a clear distinction in in the
references between artificial turf used on sports playing fields and artificial turf used on residential
lawns. Nevertheless, many parents do not allow their children to play sports on artificial turf for
many of the reasons listed below for the cons of artificial lawns, plus artificial sports playing fields
often used recycled tires as beads as the base for the artificial sports turf. For clarity, all references
herein pertain artificial turf used for residential lawns and will referred to as artificial lawns,
artificial grass or synthetic grass.
Pros and Cons of Artificial Lawns
The pros of artificial lawns are:
* No need for irrigation
* No need for fertilizer
* No need to be mowed
* A good solution if you have an area where grass simply won't grow because conditions are
shady, wet, acidic, or overused.
* Does not get muddy or rutted (and keeps your house cleaner).
Page 50 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
* The new generation of synthetic grass can fool many into thinking it is real grass.
* More economical over time
The cons of artificial lawns are:
• Made from a mixture of polymers (plastics), which make up the grass, which, over time,
breaks down into smaller pieces of plastic which migrates into the soil beneath and the
environment.
• It's expensive. The cost can run from $ 10 to $20 per square foot, installed.
• It often looks blatantly artificial, particular as it ages. Ersatz, as the Germans would say.
• It heats up under full sun.
• Artificial grass kills the biome beneath it and creates dead zones where the soil may no
longer absorb CO2 or stormwater.2
• It needs to be sprayed clean and occasionally disinfected. If you have dogs, it needs to be
cleaned more often. Artificial grass can trap blood, skin, and animal waste and become a
breeding ground for harmful bacteria, like staphylococci.
• Not easily recycled.
• Can cause "turf -bum" (abrasions).
• Artificial turf is a petroleum -based product. This means it can off -gas and potentially lead
to health issues like asthma and decreased child development.'
Naturally, I sought out sources of information from municipalities in Florida that have passed
ordinances on the subject. I found that the Town of Palm Beach and the City of Winter Park have
addressed the subject by way of adopting ordinances regulating the use of artificial turf, but note
that even though they call it artificial turf the legislation pertains to what we are referring to in this
memo as "artificial grass" for use typically at a home. For example, Palm Beach defines artificial
turf as "Artificial turf. A product manufactured from synthetic materials that simulates the
appearance of natural turf, grass, sod or lawn."
Key Provisions of the Town of Palm Beach Code
See Exhibit A for these Palm Beach Code of Ordinances provisions.
• Artificial turf regulation is contained within Chapter 66 of the Palm Beach Code entitled
"Natural Resource Protection."
• Applicable in all zoning districts.
• All proposed uses require a permit.
• The proposal is reviewed by staff and the architectural commission (ARCOM) or LPC for
final approval. Staff will also make a site visit if needed to verify the need.
Biome — a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna.
Source -Climate Resolve
3 Source - Angie's List
2
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Agenda Item #3.
o May only be installed in limited areas of rear and side yards, or as a driveway accent in
any yard, example to include strips of artificial turf placed between stone or concrete
driveway pads.
o Placement in the front yard is prohibited except as a driveway accent, or in any areas
visible from the public right-of-way (regardless of whether it is in the rear or side yard).
o No artificial turf shall be installed in the public right-of-way. For example, it cannot be
placed in the swale.
o Artificial turf is calculated as impervious surface and shall not count towards landscape
open space.
o Artificial turf material shall be lead-free.
Key Provisions of the City of Winter Park Ordinance
See Exhibit B for the Winter Park adopted ordinance regulating the use of artificial turf.
* Synthetic grass and artificial turf are defined as one in the same made with man-made
materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene.
* Artificial turf is considered an impervious coverage unless specifically designed and
permitted with a proper porous permeable underlying material such as gravel. Standard
engineering coefficients of permeability shall be utilized for mixed surfaces.
* A permit is required to install.
* New total impervious area coverage to include the artificial turf shall be submitted with the
permit application.
* The first one inch of stormwater runoff from the artificial turf must be retained on site
* Installations are not allowed under tree canopies.
* Proof of permeability is not required for impervious applications.
* If the applicant is claiming the man-made turf is permeable, the artificial turf shall have a
backing of a uniform (every square inch) woven material, which precludes the use of a
solid backed material with periodic holes.
* The required minimum rate of permeability shall be 30 inches per hour uniformly (every
square inch) across the artificial turf, if the applicant is claiming permeability.
* Underlying material (gravel, drain field rock, sand setting, fabric, etc.) shall be included in
the design per the manufacturer's specifications to meet the minimum rate of permeability.
* Prior to installation of artificial turf, the property owner shall enter into an agreement, with
and in a form acceptable to the City, providing for property owner's and its successors'
and assigns' scheduled maintenance activities and annual reports thereof to the City.
Among other things, such agreement may provide for: (i) property owner's requirement to
remove and/or replace the artificial turf in the future if the artificial turf ceases to function
as designed and permitted, is not properly maintained and/or if the expiration of the
artificial turf s life expectancy occurs; (li) the City's remedies in the event property owner
fails to comply with its maintenance, repair and replacement obligations; and (iii) property
owner's indemnification and hold harmless of the City and its officials and employees with
3
Page 52 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
respect to the artificial turf installation, maintenance and repair, including any drainage
problem that may arise therefrom.
c The property owner is required to -routinely maintain artificial turf,, including cleaning,
brushing, debris removal, repairing and replacement. Such maintenance activities shall
ensure that artificial turf continues to function as designed and permitted. The property
owner I s failure to maintain, repair and/or replace artificial turf in compliance with this
section or any agreement entered into with the City as required here -in shall constitute a
violation of this subsection.
Both municipalities have some interesting and unique Code aspects to them to consider for our
purposes. It seems that the Palm Beach approach is simpler in that they side step the reed for a
tin ain tenanc e agreement with the property owner by simply not allowing arti ficial grass in the fron t
yard at all. No need to worry about maintenance and neighborhood appearance due to a property's
deteriorated wore -out artificial grass in someone's front yard because it isn't allowed in the front
yard at all. On the other hand, one can argue the Palm Beach has made a mistake by not concerning
there selves with ales for artificial turf when it comes to runoff and the question of permeability
like Winter Park has done. Palm Beach just says it is all counted as impervious surface. It is
definitely a mistake to ignore the problems associated with runoff due to increases in -runoff due
to atlowing the increased use of impermeable surfaces that can be created by impermeable artificial
turf. On the other hand, Palm each rightly says that artif-icial turf does not count toward code
required lands -cape open space requirements. It's not landscaping.
Our task is to recommend to the Village whether artificial turf/grass should be:
1) Allowed, without regulation; or
2) Not allowed; or
3) Allowed, but regulated.
I have concluded that for me it is definitely a mistake to allow artificial turf without any regulations
whatsoever.
4
Page 53 of 109
Agenda Item #3. EXHIBIT A
TOWN OF PALM BEACH ARTIFICIAL TURF
REQUIREMENTS
• Sec. 66-313. -Artificial turf —Locations.
SHARE LINK TO SECTIONPRINT SECTIONDOWNLOAD (DOCX) OF SECTIONSEMAIL
SECTIONCOMPARE VERSIONS
In all zoning districts, artificial turf shall be reviewed and may be approved in
accordance with the ARCOM Project Designation Manual, or Project Designation Guide
for Landmarked and Historically significant Building properties, and may be installed
in limited areas of rear and side yards, or as a driveway accent in any yard, example to
include strips of artificial turf placed between stone or concrete driveway pads.
Artificial turf shall not be installed in any front yard areas, except as a driveway accent,
or in any areas visible from the public right-of-way (regardless of whether it is in the
rear or side yard). No artificial turf shall be installed in the public right-of-way.
( Ord. No. 23-2021 , § 2112-14-21)
Sec. 66-314. - Artificial turf Standards.
SHARE LINK TO SECTION PRI NT SECTION DOWNLOAD (DOCX) OF SECTIONSEMAI L
SECTIONCOMPARE VERSIONS
All artificial turf shall comply with the following minimum standards.
Artificial turf installation shall be approved by either the Architectural Review
Commission or the Landmarks Preservation Commission (depending upon the
property designation) and all artificial turf installation requires a building permit.
Artificial turf is calculated as impervious surface and shall not count towards
landscape open space.
Artificial turf material shall be lead-free.
( Ord. No. 23-2021 , § 2112-14-21)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Page 54 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
EXHIBIT B
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF WINTER PARK, FLORIDA,
AMENDING CHAPTER. 58, CITY OF WINTER. PARK CODE OF
ORDINANCES, LAND DEVELOPMENT CODE; AMENDING SECTION
58-95 AND ADDING SECTION 58-170 GOVERNING ARTIFICIAL TURF
REQUIREMENTS; PROVIDING FOR DEFINITIONS; PROVIDING
REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
IMPERVIOUS AND PERVIOUS ARTIFICIAL TURF; PROVIDING FOR
CODIFICATION, SEVERABILITY, CONFLICTS, AND AN EFFECTIVE
DATE.
WHEREAS, the City Land Development Code currently limits the amount of impervious
surface that may be utilized in residential and commercial development; and
WHEREAS, the City wishes to clarify that artificial turf, which is a grass mat
manufactured with man-made materials used to replicate natural grass, can constitute an
impervious surface subject to the relevant City regulations; and
WHEREAS, the City further wishes to clarify and enact regulations governing the
installation of artificial turf; and
WHEREAS, the City finds that this Ordinance advances the interests of the public health,
safety, and welfare.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED BY THE CITY COMMISSION OF THE
CITY OF WINTER PARK, FLORIDA:
SECTION 1. Recitals. The foregoing recitals are hereby ratified and confirmed as being
true and correct and are hereby made a part of this Ordinance.
SECTION 2. Amendment of City Code. Section 58-95 of Chapter 58, Article III of the
City Code of Ordinances is hereby amended, and a new Section 58-170 is hereby created in Chapter
58, Article V, Division 1 of the City Code of Ordinances, all as follows (words that are Str;. lKne _ oillt
are deletions; words that are underlined are additions; stars * * * * * indicate breaks between
sections, subsections, or paragraphs and do not indicate changes to the City Code; provisions not
included are not being amended):
Sec. 58-95. - Definitions.
For the purposes of this article, certain terms or words used herein shall be interpreted as
follows:
Artificial TurL or svnthetic grass means an artificial grass mat manufactured with man-
made materials such as polXprop, l�polvethvlene, and/or other materials, which is used
to replicate the appearance of natural grass.
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Agenda Item #3.
EXHIBIT B
Impervious coverage means the percentage of the lot land area that is covered with
impervious materials such as building, swimming pools (including pool water and pool
de , decks, patios, driveways, etc. Artificial turf shall also be considered an impervious
coverage unless specifically designed and permitted with a proper porous permeable
underlying material such as gravel. Standard engineering coefficients of permeability shall
be utilized for mixed surfaces. Land located across a street and separated from the building
site shall not be included in the available land area calculation.
See. 58-170. — Artificial Turf Installation. The following requirements shall govern the
installation of artificial turf.
ja Impervious installations
b-
1) A permit shall be required to install.
2) New total impervious area coverage to include the artificial turf shall be submitted
with the permit application.
3) Proof of permeability is not required.
4) The first one inch of stormwater runoff from the artificial turf must be retained on
site in accordance with Sec. 58-163.
5) Installations are not allowed under tree canopies.
Pervious installations
1) A permit shall be required to install.
2) Artificial turf shall have a backing of a uniform (every square inch) woven
material, which precludes the use of a solid backed material with periodic holes.
3) The required minimum rate of permeability shall be 30 inches per hour uniformly
(every square inch) across the artificial turf.
4) Underlyingmaterial (gravel, drainfield rock, sand setting, fabric, etc.) shall be
included in the design per the manufacturer's specifications to meet the minimum
rate of permeability.
5) Prior to installation of artificial turf, the property owner shall enter into an
agreement, with and in a form acceptable to the City, providing for property
2
Page 56 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
EXHIBIT B
owner's and its successors' and assigns' scheduled maintenance activities and
annual reports thereof to the City. Among other things. such agreement may
provide for: (i) property owner's requirement to remove and/or replace the
artificial turf in the future if the artificial turf ceases to function as designed and
permitted, is not properly maintained and/or if the expiration of the artificial turf s
life expectancy occurs; (ii) the City's remedies in the event property owner fails
to comply with its maintenance, repair and replacement obligations; and (iii)
property owner's indemnification and hold harmless of the City and its officials
and employees with respect to the artificial turf installation, maintenance and
repair, including any drainage problem that may arise therefrom..
el Maintenance otartificial tur . The property owner shall routinely maintain
L
artificial turf,
including cleaning, brushing, debris removal, repairing and replacement.
Such maintenance activities shall ensure that artificial turf continues to function as
designed and permitted. The property owner's failure to maintain, repair and/or replace
artificial turf in compliance with this section or any agreement entered into with the City
as required herein shall constitute a violation of this subsection.
SECTION 3. Codification. Section 2 of this Ordinance shall be codified into the Winter
Park City Code. Any section, paragraph number, letter and/or any heading may be changed or
modified as necessary to effectuate the foregoing. Grammatical, typographical and similar or
like errors may be corrected, and additions, alterations, and omissions not affecting the
construction or meaning of this Ordinance and the City Code may be freely made.
SECTION 4. Seyerability. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, word
or provision of this Ordinance is for any reason held invalid or unconstitutional by any court
of competent jurisdiction, whether for substantive, procedural, or any other reason, such portion
shall be deemed a separate, distinct and independent provision, and such holding shall not affect
the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance.
SECTION 5. Conflicts. In the event of a conflict or conflicts between this Ordinance
and any other ordinance or provision of law, this Ordinance controls to the extent of the conflict, as
allowable under the law.
SECTION 6. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall become effective immediately upon
adoption by the City Commission of the City of Winter Park, Florida (the "Effective Date"), and
shall apply to all applications for permits received on or after the Effective Date.
ADOPTED this day of 2021, by the City Commission of the City of
Winter Park, Florida.
CITY COMMISSION
CITY OF WINTER PARK
Steve Leary, Mayor
3
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Agenda Item #3.
EXHIBIT B
ATTEST:
Rene Cranis, City Clerk
S:IAKAICLIENTS\Winter ParklPublic Works Department W600-260391Artificial turf ordinance\Ord. for Artificial Turf Regulations 12-4-2020.docx
Page 58 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
BC
MEMORANDUM
TOM Environmental Task Force
FROK Barrett Croce, Natural Resources Supervisor
THRU-. Steppe n ie Thobu rn, Assistant Di rector of Pla nning and Zoning
DATE: September 30, 2022
RE&E.
Draft Text Amend me nt to Establish Regulations for the Use,
Installation and Location of Artificial Turf
Meeting dates-- ETF 10/10/22
TC TBD
SUMiMAFC Y:
Con,sideration of a Town initiated zoning text ameridmcrit to estziblish regulations for the use, lnit aNation arid
location of artificial turf for the purposes of protecting su dace and pub -.surface waters, rnjaintaining stormrater
management systems and promoting groundwater recha rgre.
ActInns: As a res u I t -of the Task Force"s co rn m e nts at t h e August 1 5� 2022 meeting, staff:
Discussed the issue with the both the Town'• Engineer arid the Utility Services Manager, both of whom
recommended the adoption of regulation!5 a:s well a:s a permitting proce!5!5 to ensure adequrate oven ight of
installation practices and to address concerns related to stormwater management;
Conducted additional research into the adoption of ordinances regulating artificial turf by other
municipa lities;
Dr;)fted language fora potenfial tex-t amendment to the Town"s Co(h'% c.J Ordinances (attached).
Staff is requesting feedback on the draft text amendments (attached) and direc'-Jon on any additional ditional questions -or
concerns you might have regarding the use of art -if liciall turf_
TOWN HALL m 210 M IL I TA RY TRAIL * J U PI TE Ro FLORIDA 33458 m WW WJ U P IT E'R, F L,US PciP73RV3 4 09
Agenda Item #3.
TOWN OF JUPITER STAFF REPORT FOR ARTIFICIAL TURF ZONING TEXT
AMENDMENT
IDATE: September 30, 2022
TEnnmen virotal Tak sForce
ON
TIC RU F David Brown, Utilities Director
FROM: John Sickler. Director of Planning and Zoning
SUBJECT: Regulations for Artificial Turf —Zoning Text Amendments
to establish regulations for the use, installation and location
of a rt I ficia I to rf fo r t h e pu rpose s of protech rug s u rfa ce a n d
sub -surface wa te rs,, m a i n ta 1 n i n g stormwater m a n ag e me nt
terns, p rom oti ng ground titer recharge a n d e. n co u rag i n g
the use of natural plantings.
Ord i rya rice 11 -22 Envilronmentall August 15, 2022
PZ 22-5271 Task Force'. October 10, 2022
13, Cnice
Appficant: Tow n I n It[ated
Request: Amend the following sections. of the Zoning Code,
0 Section 27-1 entitled "Definitions"
Chapter 27, Artids X1, Division 5, entitled ", Artificial Turf
Standards" to establish regulations for the use, installation and
location of artificial turf
Staff up -date
As a res u It of t h e Task Fo rce's co rn m tints at tine l r m ee b n 9 on Aug ust 1:51h I Natural Resources
staff:
6 Discussed the issue with the both the Tinn-s Engineer and the Utility Services
Manager, both of whom supported the adoption of regulations as well as a permitting
process to e n s u re ad eq irate ove rsig ht of 1 n to I I atia n pract i ces a n d to add re ss
concerns related to stormwater managerneft!
0 Conducted additional research ifflo the adoption of ordinances regulating artificial turf
by other municipalities;
0 Drafted language for a potential text amendment to the Town"s Code of Ordinances.
En vironmen tal Task Forc e (A ugust 15, 2022)
On August 15, 2022, staff made a presentation to the Environmental Task Force about the
gFOWing use of artificial turf as a substitute fQFn atuFal turf and landscaping on both residentli-al
and non-resi-dential properties w'Ithin the Town of Jupiter_ Staff presented the topic, and
Page 60 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf - Zoning Text Amendm on
Page 2 of 7
requested guidance by asking the following questions: What 1r.,; best for Jupiter Should the.
Town reguIate the installation of artificial turf.? If so, are there, specific aspects that should be
dive special consideration such a:s cumulative impacts to sterns v-41-ater management. pi-opert I ea
ad ace nit to waterbod i es a nd s h o u ild i n sta I la tion req u i re a p-errn it?
Task Force members discussed the presentation and requested that staff present a draft text
amendment for task force members to review and provide feedback. Members of the task
rae
Recommended maintaining a focus on the engineering and stormwater management
impacts of artificial turf rather than the aesthetic impacts and suggested that the Town
treat artificial turf like a StrUcture or a zoning code issue and consider a permitting
process,
Inquired about the permeability, installation and construction process from an
engineering standpoint, expressing conc;em about the potential impacts on runoff and
water quaility on nearby waterways, indiGatirig a desire to see its use restricted within
t h cise a real:
M e n tioned tha t -a rt ificia I to rf 1 s cite n 1 nsta I led after pie rm its a re clo sed out.
Refe rence d th e Town I s g cia I of en cc uragii n g resid e n is to m ove a y fro m pla sti CS
related to concerns that artificial turf is forrnulated primarily from plastics and other
petroleum based products. whiLch may leach chemicals and facilitate the introduction
of micro -plastics into waterways:
Suggested restricting use to a percentage of a yeird in an effort to address the lack of
biodiversity and the associated implications for the environment, including the gradual
compaction of the subgrade which becomes more impermeable over time.
Staff Recommendation.
Based upon the facts and finding contained herein, stoff is Presenting draft regulations, as
shown in Attachment A with the proposed changes in strikeout and underline. for the review of
the Environmental Task Force
Background.
The Town has approved artificial turf as part of a limited number of site plans for non-residential
grope rtie- s s u c h a s F u rry F riend s, L u cky Do g a nd th e Tu rtle 'Rive r M o ntesso ri Sshoo 1, w h i oh was
one of the first pFOJ-e cts teat re q U eSted to U ti I ize art ific is I to rt. I n 2 00 9. t h e soh col s u b m itted a n
application to amend their site plan Ian to increase the size of the playground, which also included a
significant increase in the area of artificial turf allowed on site. At the time, there were no specific
regulations for ar11f1(,11AI turf and this was the first application that specifically requested to utilize
i t i n a sig n ifica n t m, a n n e r. I n re spon se, Town staff wrote a p ci I i cy i rite rpretati o n im e m a that
allowed for the limitpul, use of artificial turf while specifically limiting the amount that could be
u sed towa rd s meeti n g a p ro p e rty" s g reen space req u i rein e nts - It d i d not a I I ow a rt ificia I to rf to
com pri se more t h a n 2 5% of the tots I g reenspa c;e req u i rem ents, s 1 m 11 aFto the code 111mitation for
the amount of storrnwater retention/detention area that can be included in the required
green pace for a property. It further stated that the total square footage of artificial turf and
retention together, could not total more than 25 peroe nt of the required greerg space - Add itionA
re ea rch a nd 1 nfa rma t ion a n d source s su ch as t h e U n ive rs it of Florida I n sti t ute of Food a n d.
Page 61 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf - Zoning Text Amendment
Page 3 of 7
AgriCUItUral SCiences (I PAS) has brought prior assumptions into question causing staff ko rethink
the prior policy and propose new regulations.
Since that time, the use of artificial turf has continued to expand throughout the Town- The
industry has been promoting artificial turf use as a "green solution" and as a way to stabilize soil,
reduce water consumption, address heavily shaded areas where sod doesn't grow and provide
a cleaner appearance around features such as pools and patios. It is being installed on both
non-residential and residential propertie� throughout the Town, as business owners and
resid e rats i n corporate it i nto a rea s that w e re p rev i o u s I y la rid sca ped. P ursuant to Se cti o n 2 7- (b)
of the Town's Code of Ordinances., if a is not specifically permitted by the Zoning Code, 1 t is
prohibited,
Staff recently reviewed a permit for the installation of a pool on a single-family residence. The
application and site plan included details regarding the installation of artificial turf throughout the
back yard. This led to discussions about (he installation of �rtlflclal turf at single-family home s in
other areas of the Town, such as Abacca and Admirals Gave where artificial turf has been
installed over entire yards. At the same time, staff has received 1riqL.j1r1es frorr resident.5-,
property managers and contractors regarding the approval process to install artificial turf in
landscape buffers, front yards and mmercial properties. Staff has recognized that the current
policy Is not sufficient as it does not provide installation standards, address previously permitted
stormwater management systems, and most importantly, it does not consider important
environmental Issues such as water quality, in -creases in ambient temperatures and the
compaction, removal and sterilization of topsoil. During the course of research, staff reviewed
wDart other nnunicipalities and munties are adopting as new ordinances or modifications in
existing ordinances to address the use of artificial turf (See Attachment B). If the artificial turf
regulations are adopted they would replace the current policy.
Analysis.
The following staff comments include ananalysis of ths proposed amendments in each section
(Environmental, Stormwater, and Engineering Permit, Specifications and Maintenance
Requirements).
Comprehensive Plan Consis, fency. The p ropos ed reg u I ati o n s a re i n co n forma nce with th e
goals, objectives and policies of the Town' s Comprehensive Plan and the following policies
provide support for the purpose and in(ent of creating regulat ions,
Conservation Element
Policy 1.4.6 states., "'Runoff frorn streets -and yards should be carefully controlled to prevent
flooding in adjacent areas or poll ution of water bodies 11 .
Po I ley 1 -4.14 sta to s, il Buffe r .one of vegetation s h o u I d be e sta b I I s he d betwee n a ray a rea of
urban development and adjacent water -ways. IF
Policy 1.5.16 states"A buffer zone of native upland edge ('i-e., transitional) vegetation Mall be
provided and maintained around wetland and deepwater habltat:�5 which are, constFucted or
preserved on new development sites -
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Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf w Zoning Text Amendment
Page 4 of 7
Policy 1 - 10- 1 states, 'LThe Town shall maintain and amend as necessary land development
regulations to promote and support green design theories and tech niques, and which provide
i ncentives for same."
Policy 1. 5.5 states, L: B U ffer zones of vegetation and/or riprap, to provide for are environment for
native vegetation, should be established between any area of urban development and adjacent
waterways."
C cia stall Manac ems- merit Element:
Policy 1A.1 states, `'The Town shall maintain a surface and storrnwater management ordinance.
This ordinance is intended to minimize degradation of surface waters through treatment of
stormwater runoff. At a miemu specified treatments should inchide maximum feasible on -site
refer;ifion, -establishment of littoral zones In Jake management systems and wetland areas and
use of grassy swales fef filtration. TIC i s poll 1 cy sha I I a pp ly to both a Sti n g and n ew syste m s.
Pot is 2.6.8 T h e Town sha 11 uti I ize best p ract i ce s an d i n itiate m itig ati a n strateg ies to red ace the
I ood risk in coastal areas that result from I high tide evenis, storrn surge, flash floods, storrnorate r
runoff, and the related impacts of sea level rise.
Infrastructure Element:
0 bjec;t1ve 1. 6. P rotec;t, a nd where Pos sl blec e nhance the f u n ct 1 o n s of natu ra I recha rge a rea s a n d
drainage features to ensure an adequate supply of recharge waters to the surficial aquilfer-
Policy 1,6,1 The Town shall continue to actively enforc.p. development storrrwate r drainage
requirements, which shall be designed and operated so that offs ite discharges meet State water
quality standards consistent with Chapter 62-25, Florida Administrative Code. (adopted by
refere n ce) -
Po licy 1-6.2 T h e Tow n sha 11 contin u e to active I y e n force its existi n g o p en s pace rag u i re me nts
for new development. This open space area will preferably preserve existing native vegetation
and will consist piri'marily of pervious surfaces..
Policy 1 P6.3 The Town shall continue its efforts to increase retention/detention capacity of
d ra i n ag e ha n s i in o rd e r to red uce stormwater outfa I I ru n off to the Loxa h atc h ee River a n d its
tributaries, and increase groundwater aquifer rechaFg e potential.
1. Environmental
Staff Ana I rtificial turf literature promotes It as an environmentally friendly alternative to
natural turf and landscaping, Brochures and websites mention that artificial turf does not require
1 rTigation, 'is virtually maintenance -free, does not require chemicals or fertilizer, is lead free.
provides excellent drainage and does not support odor causing bacteria, mold or mildew.
Promoted uses can include installation in limited areas as a design feature or in areas with poor
drainage where natural sod will not grow due toa lack of sunlight or other 'Impediment.
While these claims have merit and there can be appropriate uses for artificial turf, lists of these
pote n tiall be n efits d o n't to I I the f u 11 story a s there are a I so sig n ifica n t co n cern s, som e of why ich
a re I I steel below ,
Page 63 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf- Zoning Text Amendment
Page 5 of 7
1 %
Virtually all installation methods, even those that claim to hP. pervibus; ri�.6(julrl�.6 a 1:%'-oc trnpa
ba se of s of I to s u, p po rt th e stab i I izi rig m atedalls that u n,Berl ay t h e turf (S e e Atta c h rne nits C 1
and C2). This soil compaction alone can prevent or sign'[ficantly reduce the infiltration of
water. Other installation methods utilize materials such as compacted road base or other
base layers that are even more dense than compacted soil in order to provide a firm,
si-nooth surface that can support weight and will not develop ruts or other imperfections- This
compacted base effectively seals off the underlying soi-I so that even though water appears
to be Infiltrating P in reality it is simp'ly flowing just underneath the visible surface of the turf.
This inevitably alters stormwater runoff quantity, quality and patterns, affecting the recharge
of the surficial aquifer, contributing to saltwater intrusion and increasing the potential for
runoff and flooding both to adjacent properties and cumulatively, throughout greater areas,
Most instail lations of artificial turf involve the removal of the first 4-8 inc;hes of topsoil, the
addition, of base materials and then the artificial turf itself, which effectively places a cap
over the remaining soil layers. It does not support I.Ife in the landscape as virtually all
installation methods result in a. sterile environment, elinninating food sources such as
earthworms, insects and seeds which are criticall to our natural environment and urban
wildlife. It Is important to understand that topsoil, along with the organic matter that it
contains, performs important functions in the environment- Topsoil supports a complex
community of beneficial microorganisms that process and break down nUtFients and even
pollutants that become bound up by the organic matter that is present in that soil layer. It is
not sim p I y di rt to b e moved and shaped, b u t 1 mate ad is fora n dationa I fo r ma ny chem 1 cal a n d
biological processes that numerous plants and animals depend on for life (See Attachment
D),
Installation eliminates the root zones of natural turf grasses and other lands cape plantings
which red uce s the a bi I it of the soi I to fi Iter a n d slow runoff ii nto ad a cent s u rfa ce Ovate rs
such as canals, streams, the Intracoastal Waterway and the Loxahatchee RiVeF- T h e roots
of natu rall to rf, sh ru b s a rid trees ten d to b rea k up the so i 1, c reati n g both I-arg e r a n d sm al I e r
s paces (ma a ro a n d m i c;ro- p o Fe s) why, I c h a I low wate r to flow do w nwa Fd, I nto th e so-1 I rather
than flowing across the surface of the soil (sheet flow). Sheet flow 'is a prirnary type of
storm wate r flow that can lead to flooding. The infiltration of water into the soil reduces the
amount of runoff and delays the timing of peak runoff as rainfall, continues to be absorbed
until these pore spaces are filled. Without the pore spaces, runoff begins to accumulate and
flow immediately. FTaal ly, the installation Promss negatively impacts the root systems of
existi n g trees d u e to the re mova I of soil a n d roots nea r the surface w i th i n the criti Call root
zone. This can affect the health of trees and can also cause instability if larger support roots
are I mpacted,
Art ificia I to rf ca n g et very h ot. Som e st u d I es have shown i ncreases i n am bleat a i r
temperatures above the turf s surface of up to 40-80 degrees higher than natural sod. This
r
as n be titre rely u nco m forta bille, but more 1 m Aorta ntl y, over larg e a re a s th i s acGu m u I ati o n of
heat contributes to the heat Island effect. Artificial turf with direct 5un exposure often gets so
hot that it needs to be cooled by watering so that people and pets can walk on it.
As I I I f ages there is concern for potential leaching of the 1 c t artificial tau alls in o water and
the off -gassing of Polly-fluroalkyll, Substances (PF ), due to its composition from plastics
and petroleum products. PFAS are potentially toxic cheMiCals used in the process of
manufarfturing artificial turf.
"d all nstitute of F oo d a nd Ag r'cu I to rail S c i e n eI F—doe cs (AS) 5 n ot
The U n ive rs'I ty of Florid I
consider artificial turf to be L'Florida Friendly" because it does not provide the ecosystem
benefits of a natural turf system (See Attachment E).
While marketed as a `green'' alternative to natural turf grasses, artificial for is not awarded
points towards "green" construction by the Florida Green Building Coalit[on nor towards a
LEED Certification, as it does not meet the Heat Island Reduction criteria.
Page 64 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf - Zoning Text Amendm on r
Page 6 of 7
Artificial turf is promoted as being almost maintenance free. However, in order to remain in
good condition, it requires regular maintenance and cleaning to function properly and
prevent buildup of bacter-la and smells, including those frortianimal waste. Propel— C10aning
may require the use of chemicals such as diluted bleach water or "'infills" to kill bacteria and
neutralize odors. Aside from the compacted base -layer of soil, even the pervious types of
turf can easily become impermeable over time from the buildup of and, soil and other small
particles.
Artificial turf has a maximum limited lifespan of 10-20 years depending on the quality of
materials and the frequency and degree of maintenance. At some point, replacement will be
necessary and will result in additional landfill waste_
'withouta permit application and review process, there is currently no way to verify
installation methods and materials.
C u m u I ati vely, the effe cts a re be com i rig m o re sig n ifica n t a s more a n d more a rti f i c i al to rf Is
installed an single-family lots, multi -family properties as well as non-residential properties.
While this might not have the potential to reach a critical mass in some communities doe to
the cost of installation and rya irite nanoe, that does not appear to be a deterrent in Jupiter,
based on the current increase in use.
2. SWrmwater
Staff Ana I 'ith artificial turf currently being installed in both residential and non-
residential properties, Natural Resources staff sought input from both the Town's Engineer an -
the U t I I itles S e rvice s Ma rya ger (w h ci oversees stor rnwater ma nage ment). Bot h con c u rred th at
�i r I I I I cl I W lu rf can ha ve a s i g n I f 1 C2 1) 1, cu mu le tilvo off act on the f low a nd onsite rete n t ion of
st o i- mwater throug h ch ange s to I of g ra d i rig a n d red uction s i n the a mou nt of p e rvious a rea.
e individual installations can have rat tive I y minor impacts o nj the a rno u rat and flow of
stormwater on ad a cent p ro pe rfies, cu m u I ati vely , the effe cts over m u I t i p I o I ots ca n h a
significant impacts on the overall drainage system of a neighborhood and community, including
creating conflicts with requirements and assumptions used for the drainage permits issued by
the South F I a ri da Water M a n ag e me n t 1) 1 strict or oth er uti I it or d ra i rya ge e n t ities. For th a se
neighborhoods that do not have permitted storm Ater management systems, installation of
artif i c i all to rf can a Ite r the h isto ricall d ra i n ag e patte rn s. I n both i nsta aces, thi s i m pacts th e
assumptions and calculations necessary to maintain and irnprove both privately and publicly
owned storm wate r systems monitored by the Town.
In addition to the reductions in pervious area. the Town I s Engineer specifically mentioned
conce rn s re I ated to t h e g rad 1 n g of i nd ivid as I cts i n resid e nti-a I are as. I nd Wild u.a I I ots a re req u 1 red
to maintain a portion of the Wtial ra I I I I I i Wall (sto rmwa to r) wi thin th e bou n da rie s of the lot f o r the
purposes of reducing off -site flow and encouraging infiltration- This is accomplished through the
c reati o n of peri mete r swalles to reta I nt a nd co n ve y water vv 1 th 1 n the p ro pe rty bo u nd a ri es, Pr for to
the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, the Town performs a final grading inspection to
en s u re com p1l i a n ce with the se re q u i re me nit s. H owev er, a fter the ce rti f I ca to of ocru pa ncy ha s
been granted, there is nc ability to ensure that theses ales rern2in in place. At some later
point in time, if a property owner installs artificial turf, these pel'imeter swale s may be removed
and the soil regraded to create a level base for the turf. This modifies the way stormwater flows
and is often undetected because there is no requirement to obtain a permit for its installation
and no inspection to ensure that drainage requirements are being maintained. Runoff increases
because rainfall is not kept onsite and there is very little pervious area left on the property where
water can infiltrate into the soil,
Page 65 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Artificial Turf - Zoning Text Amendm on r
Page 7 of 7
The Town's Engineer and Utilities Services Manager noted that orle, of (tip. rnore effective ways
to ensure conformance with overall drainage and stormwater management plans is to develop
regulations for artificial turf and require an engineering permit with accornpanying inspections
prior to any installations. Both agree that allowing the use of artificial turf while limiting the area
where it can be installed in accordance with the regulations for pools, patios and screen
enclosures, will help to address stormwater runoff concerns- Staff's proposed language would
require that artificial turf be regulated the same as patios as established in Section 27-3084,
excluding any reductions as provided for in subsections (b)( ) or (c), for patios in, the front, rear,
side comers and side yards as in Attachment F and Diagrams I and 2.
B a se d a n the Town" s Com p rehensive Pla n, staffs a n a I ys i s and th e I i st of nonce rn s ad d res sed
a b ove. st a ff ha s p roposed S ect'lo n s 27 -20 23 e nt'It led "A p pi ica bi I ity" a 2 7-2 024 ent itl e d
" L oc a t i o n Perm itted " and 27-202 5 e ntitled "Rego I at i one " to ad d re ss a rt ificia I to rf -
Engineering rmitl speci cations and maintenance requirements
der i ifi1
Staff anallysi.s: The Tuwn'� Enqirieer noted that there are specific standards that should be
met to ensure proper installation of artf icial turf. maintenance of lot grading req uirements and to
protect the general health, safety and welf-are, of the residents of the town, Staff note :5 that,
based on the materials involved and installation methods utilized,, aftificiall turf meets the
definition of a structure as defined in Chapter 27 (Sec. 27-1 ), and like many other types of
structures, should be regulated to ensure proper lnc,---A&�llatlon.
Conclusion.
Based on the above analysis and Comprehensive Plan policies, staff drafted Me regulations
included in Attachment "A" given the impervious characteristics of artificial turf. and its related
drainage and environmental impacts. Artificial turf has characteristics corn pn rablo to patios and
oth e r ha rdseape featu res. Staff wou I d it ke t h e E nvirc n m e n to I Task Fo rce to -e v i ew a nd
comment, so their input can be considered prior to presenting a rOWrT!FT1Pr1dH 110n through the
public hearing process to the Planning and Zoning Commission and Town Council.
Attachments*:
Attachment A — Draft text amend -meat
Attachment B — Table of other municipalities' regulations
Attachment 01 and C2 — Artificial Turf Information and Installation Materials
Attachment D — I FAS — The Role of Soil Management
Attachment E — WAS — Synthetic Turfigrass and Florida Fdondly Landscaping
Attachment F- Section 27-3084 and Figures 1, 2 and 3
Attachment G — ETF Pope rpoirat Presentation
For oopies, of attachments, please contact Barrett Cnice at (561 ) 741-2523 or
ba rrettcld-1 u Pita r.fl - u S.
Ffle Path; file,..I�N,.%PlanningZonin�g�Sta�VVP51Amen dtuwncodeVkrtificiaI TurAFor PZ'TC%
Page 66 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
ATTACHMENT A — Oraft Text Amendments
Sec. Z7-1. Definffilons.
Artificial turf mea ns a man ufactu red,, synthti c 5u rf are of rn a n -ma de ma t e ri a I wh i-c h i 5 made to re PI irate the
appea raince a nd n atu ra I cc I -or of We orga nic/n atu ra I turf. _g ra 5s, sod or a I awn.
impervious are means an area on or in a p rcal of real proper' which prevents or severely restrict-5
,Infiltration of storraw ater into the earth.
Ea.ndscapirig (hard scape) means non -living, durable material COMMO!"lly Lised Ir. larldscaping, such as rocks,
pebb I e s, sa nd, wa I I s or® fences, b u t -exc I u d in non ef Wei..I.S. imperVious a rea s s u ch a s paving ma to ri le. a n d a rt if 1cla I
turf.
4aturol t-yrf means continuous plant coverage consi'stin,gorf grass species suited to growth-
Perviov5 -j rpr-, mf -,i r s a I I th at a re a of land I a n ds c a Ped or P lamed, th at a I lows n atu ra I P-a sage thro ugh by
water, and is n g.t c rwe red by no n - P o rvi atjzr. manmade maic r ia Is or structures, such Dr, h Ll i I d i n p, r., paving or a rt if I da I
turf.
Structure, means anything constructed, assembled or erected, the use of wh1ch requires location on the
ground or attachment to something having location on or in the ground; this -shall include artificial fens i lig
a nd garde n wa I I sr to n ks, tow,e rs, a dve rtis i rig dev ices, b i n s, to rats, I uric h wagons, tra i I ersr d i n i rig ca rs, ca m p ca rs o r
sirn i I a r st r u ctu reson wh e e 15 or oth er s u ppo rt5 u 5ed f or b u siines5 or I ivi ng purpo ses. Th is i nc I u d es a ny stru ctu re
c q W p ped with � roof,, whether (fie rm a n e n t or te m po ra ry, such as, porches, a wn i ng,, canopies Summer houses..
-arbors, ba I mn ips a n d s i m ii 1-a r ellernents., fe nce� a n d sig n s.. but doc s not 1 ncl A c urn ro ofed surfs ces p re, pa red f or
sports. The, term "strUcturp" shall not -apply to service utilities such as tanks, connection boxes, -sewers.. c1r.-rr.
I
entirely below the ground.
Division 5.5. Artificial turf.
Sec. Z7-2022. Purpose and intent. The purJ3105e of this division is to -establish regulations for the installation and
location of artificial turf, which are intended to;
a I E n s u re the Protection p rope r o pe ratio n a n d ma intend nce of s to r rnwa to r M-a ri-a E e me n t sirs to mf, a s c r igil n ai I ly
ed and sir permitted and to prevent adverse dralnueImpacts.
(b) Minimize the depgr-ad�tion of surfac-c water% th rough the reduction and pre-trcatrri c nl t of storm water runGff.
(c) P rote pery"Po u s a re as a.n d e n courage i nf i I tratio n of storm Ovate r,. m a i rilai n a n d i n c red se o n -site retenti o ii a ii d
e ri cou ra ge the tj se of m-ii u ral I a n d sca Pe a re as a iai d gras5v swa I e5 for fi Itrat ion a nd gro y n dwa i o r recharge %&, li i c h I
f a-c i I i tated by t h @ m is ro a n d m a c ro, -Pores cre ate d by th e Foots of n atu ra I tu irf a nd oth er pla ntin k-rs.
(d) Reduce. heat gain and the heat island effect by establishing standards and set baCk5 for the installiatior-O o"
artificial turf due to it raisin e ambient air temiReratures significantly higher than natural landscaped areas.
(e I P rotect the enyl ronment by rpreventim the remova I a nd/ci r com pa ction of crlt1cal to �scil I which corota I ns macro
a n d micro-origa nisms critics I to the severs I hea [th a n d welf a re of hu mansr u rba n wild I ife. trees and other
vegetat ion through the provisio n of food sou rces. f ixi rig of nitrogen. sequestratio n of carbo n a n d the v roduction of
oxygen and path er nutrients.
(f) Reduce landfill waste,
(g) Provide instaflation and maintenance regulations to protect the general heakh, safe tv and welfare of the Public.
(Supp. No. 12)
Ce"ted: 2022-M-417 13:37:19 [EST]
Page 1 of 3
Page 67 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
ATTACH MENT A — Draft Text Am-e n dments
Sec. 27-2023 � - Ap pi i r-a bi I ity.
This -rhapter shall applyto all residential and ngrarcLsidential dev�flopwnt, including individual single-family
dwellings and duplexes.
Sec. 27-2024. - Location permitted.
Cal-Resi denti-a I d I strl cts.
(1) For single family detached, duplex, zero lot line zind townhome properties, artificial turf shall meet the
set ba r- ks f i)r,-
a. Screen enclusurc5 and patios in the district i n w h i c h it is located excluding any 5etback
reductions as P ro vid e d for in Secti a n 2 7-3084f b) (3 � or (c);
b- 5creen enclosures and patios in a Planned Unit Development in -which it is located.
(2-) Whena.oropert nclpal structures, such as nonconforming lots of
y has reduced setbarks for the priI
record a n d a Do roved lal a n reed u n it deveJopments, a rt if i c i a I t u rf s h a I I be rm itted the same red u eel
setbacksas the DrInclyalstructure per Section 27-2307(g)-,
(3) A rt 1 f ic i-.al turf may be installed in common areas t h ait are a designated recreat icin or amenity area Qn an
a p proved d evele p m ent permit, exr- I u d J ng 1-a nd sea pe b u f furs, d ra i na ge -a reasr g ree n s p ace, i uteri or
I a n d s ra pe area, a nd fog, nd atio n p lanti ngs.
(b) Non-residential di-stricts.
(1) Artificial turf may be Permitted on non -re sid-ential propertfes in limited areaS 5uch as designated
pla za s, o P e n s p ace., a rca d es, ya t i os, o r amen ity area s a s Re rt of a n a p P roved dove lopment pe rm it:
f 2-) Athletic f le I ds, y I ayjzrou n d s a nd recreation area s on ro I e s a s d Esignated on an Are
development permit;
.sec, 27-2025, Regulations,
(al The use and location of artificial turf are submect, to the folio
-1 � A I I a r fif I bi a I to rf sh a 11 be cc-nslde red i myervious a rep - fa r the pu rposes of determ i n 1 rig d r a ire age system
flow catty a n d storm water runof ( p re-t roe t me n t co n trol requ i re m e n t r the approved site plan
and/or engineerink
(2) The installatim of artificial turf shall not modifyr eliminate, or interfere with the required dra
sV5;tp- m f I ow as perm i tted pu rS Un n t to Sec- 20 - 2 7S (e-),. (f) a n d (g) a nd Sec- 2
(31- A rtif ici-c-11 turf syst-ems shall not be located in any e IP
, as e m-e n1s, i n cl ud i ng but not I invited to land 5ca per
d ra i n age, Ovate r, s eve r., of lity or I a k c lc;� n� I m a i n to n a n ce e a m e n ts, exce Pt as. ap proved at the wle
d is-c reti o n of the Town E ngi near Pu mu a nt to Sec - 2 0-2 8
(4) A rt i fie i,a I to rf sha I I b e p ro h i bited i n to n dscave bu ff e rs, gre e n s laace., i rite rl or la nd sea P e re q of reme nts,
foundation planting, drainage and swale areas, lake/canal banks., intertidal zone of natural waterway5 o
other areas within the site that are required to meet the intent of the landsi-,.aye recluiremenis as
determined during the site plan review Ql'OCeS5j,
Art1ficial turf may be installed In the sid-e or rear yards provIded it meets setbacks and doe not
req u ired d rainaize swa I es, I n-c I u d i ng ze ro lot I i n e a DO waiti ons o n th e oy pas ite side of the resid e rice th at is
con st rutted witho ut a se t b aic k.
t4LAn Enilneering Permit shall be require r to i seta fla t i on subject to t h e requirements of Ch-aj2k� r .2
Subdivi.slon and lard improvement regulations-
(Supp. No. 12)
Ce"ted: 2022-M-417 13:37:19 [EST]
Page 2 of 3
Page 68 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
ATTACHMENT A — Draft Text Amendments
Installation., mr-flntencance and rep'lir:
(1) A 11 a rb f i c i r-i I t u rf s hal I be 6 nst al le d a cco rd i ng to th c-L m,-,i n uf acturer's 5pecif i cations;
�2-) Installed materials shall be visually leve, I with the prain runniu, in the same direction and have no
vis i ble surface sea m s or edges between pan
(3) Artificial turf shall reyllcate the arivearance, texture and naturaJ green color of live omanick atural
turf, arass, sod or lawn.
(4) A n appropriate phy-5ica I ba rn e r (e-g-, co n [: rete mow strip, bender bu a rd,, brick, a r ot h e r similar e
i5 required to Separate artifli:lal turf from soil and I-andscaping;
(5) A I I a rtp'f icial to rf shall be m a i rota i n ed i n a green, no n -fa pied coed ition, f re e of d in, rntidr stains, weeds,
debris, tea rs, holey and impressions M,-i i ntena nce s h a I I inn u de, but not b c I im ited to �c I Cain i n g., b r ush i ng,
debris re mova 1, re pa i ri ng of de wes5 ions a n d rut5 to m a i ntain -a v'p5 u a I ly leve I 5u rface a nd c I i m inn ti on -of
any odor,
(Supp. No. 12)
Ce"ted: 2022-M-417 13:37:19 [EST]
Page 3 of 3
Page 69 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Attachment B — Table of Municipal That Regulate Artificial Turf
Palm Beach
Carders
West Palm Beach
we illington
RDYntOn 130aC 1-1
Code provides for minimum laridscape. and hardscape standards. For residential lot5,
a rtIf Icial turf SAT) Is coins id -a -red to be I rnp-ervlous a rid is restrl.ct-e!d by the ma xi m urn
amount of impervious area for eadh zon i ng di5t riot.
Resi dential user AT i s perm itte d i n the side and rea r setbacks only and inal-i n of lb e
05i t 1 e from t he ri �ht,-, r?f way. Non-resicient ial use i 5- lim ited, to athletic 'iFlld�, r.-)Qf-tC3P
to rra ces, m u Itifa m i ly r-E 5 id entia I as part of an approved amen ity. Corsi de re..,J to be
i mp-p. rviou$_
,Residential tise, AT i s perrriltte4 i n the side and rea r yiardg and may In 01 t3 P Vi N i bl P.
f rom the right of way. Screen I rig Is req ui red it visl ble. Allowed in mu It if a r61V
res It ential If part of an approved amen Ity- Non -reside n ti a I use.. AT is I Iml ted to areas
not requ ired as pa rt of the m i ni m u m landsca pe req ui rem ents a nod must be pa rt of a n
-a pproved site plan. ProvId-es. matert@ I and I nsta I latl o-n stand a rds-
U se is pro 11 i bited.
Voro Beach Not spec if I ca I ly ad dressed by the Cod a but all a pp licatl ors are co nsl-dered to be
I mpervious. Resi dent ially zoned prope rties are req uired to have a min imu m of 25%
pearl Dus area.
Winter Park ProvI des for two types of In stall at Ion m ethodologi-es - pe ry ious a n d im pe(vi o Li s.
Provides for specific inStallatiOn requirements for each type aricl req uire5 a permit
a rid th e pro perty owner must eats r i n to a bi nd I n g agrc-i - -'r i -rit Sri th the c Ity
lea Kato n Code Is s1ilent but all prope rtl-es must meet, drainage requIrvirl-por-- for 1-Inch F21nfall
event. Re strIct Ions for use are I Me rred based on rni nim Li n, i r q, i i i i i, iine nts fo r rl IvI rig
r
Ian dscaping'
n1a 91
Building perrnft
requ i reti
Fngineering perm lt
roqu I red
n/a
n/a
Porni It a n d b in ding
agree went
reqtiir,e,d
n/a
Page 70 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Afta chm ent C1
41
r ;"dP*-'-
ti I.Mi&
L.606 I
Polyethylen
'ne
Polyproylene
Polyethylene Monofilarnent/
'TExlurized Poo yproyllene
Field/Olive with Olivey7an Tlioth
Ye $
Tufted
Dual Lay erW Woven P*pwj
SiWrBack T1* Polyurethrke-
Yes 4
1.,%-92 lb s of SiliSari or Envirofl
1 1/211
7,9 oz.
1 -') Ft A
r
ADVANTAGES
* Requires no water
* VirtuaNy maintenance -free
* Fresh rLK appearance.
Needs n o c h em ical s or fertil izer
Never needs mowing or insecticides
Clean and can be cleaned - Unlike mulch
and shredded rubber
AIDA/ABA compliant - Crutches sink in
and. wheelchairs roll
Safety - No more, buriecl glass or other hanful
01 gar , t s
9 Lead Free
a Provides excellent drainage
Recyclable components
Does not support stain or odor causing bacteria,
mold or mildew
EXPERIENCE A GREENER WORLD
800 405 7455
WWW.SYF?*Qf1jt0bftfA8
Agenda Item #3.
1
FRESH ZOYSIA
Soft Lawn!��i--,'l F rash Zoys is
SVPJTHIPTIC YURF
I N T f R N A T 1 '0 H A L
EXPF—HILNOIE A GRE-ENE,R WORLD
I SI TFI%TED.Pj.AKI OR TO
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Page 73 of 109
Attachment D
Agenda Item #3.
LT I IFAS Extension 5091
UN I VERSITY of FIA MMA
do i.org/1 032473/edi5-ss593-2013
The Role of Soil Management in Minimizing Water and
Nutrient Losses from the Urban Landscape'
George Hochmuth, Don Rai ney, Lau He Tren hol m, Esen Momol, Cla i re Levi s, and B ria n
ieman I 2
'nit's. pubi I cation I is par t of a 'fieries devei0ped to ass 16st
Florida homeowners wit li m a n aging their lands capes to
,-
reduce environniental inipacts. Chip is -a )9 oil-rit .publication
of multiple &partrnenus and programs- in UVIFAS,
I n C I Udil) hendly Lan dwap i. gr" program, the
L g the Florida-Frrt
Department of Sol] and Water Science, the Environmental
Horticulture Department, and the Center for Landscape
ol-iservation and 1:.co1ogy. This fw:rt sheet was produced
w I i I i support 'fro a) t h e F1 or ida Turf gyass Asgo ciLat W) 1:1
th rough a Florida D 0 PArt 311C 11 t 0 F Agriculture and C on-
% 1 - Crops Block Grat.n Mmer Services es Specialty
t'JpSr
For the i ost of this series,, visit h -fledis.ifas- u fl.edul
topic—series—envi ronmental—tandscape�—iiiaiiage.me.nt.
Introduction
'.4111 1-s the rno-st important buildingbiock of a li�:althy,
L 1110 L; t I %re landSCape, L-3.CrVI-Ing Tn anv t-ISSential 1)] 13- si LA,
Ll
di-c-ink--al, anSo1 d biological fonctions. provides a physical
s 'bs It u rate for plant support and holds nutrients -and water
for pl ant use. It also ficic i I i tates groundwater recharge (ovate r
M J)VLJ n g fro m surface vv,ertt e r I o grow n dwaler) and provi&.s
Ire rig —
term storage for organic matter. S o i I a lso p roVdes a
habitat for rnicroorganisins that aid In the transformation,
and availability, of nutrients. Sod is an integral part of array
ecusyitems. but ut-banization of -ten ch-ange�;suils in ways
t hat negative1v a ffect 1)] a n t do-velopment - Soi I q j n urban
areas may hay. e reduced water i nfilt rat ion, resulting 'in
Lricrea-sed runoff and increased potentical for nutrient losses.
Hormi,owner:s in urban are -as often over -compensate for
po o r planting con d I I I o n,, 1) v appl�ri ng excessive amounts
of fertilizer and water- These practices eventually lead to
nutrient losses through stormwater runoff or soil leaching,
and these lost n,utrient;s negatively impact groundwater and
CeNsystems in nearr i n , ,q t rea m -s 3 and water bodies -
Idea[ soll conditions for planting a new landscape include
I he follow I "go
* Loaf texture (i.e.. a mixture of sand, silt, and clay) for
holding nutrients and water
• Well -drained to avoid standing water around plants and
to provide groundwater recharge
• Slightly acidic to neutral pH
Adequate or.
matter to hold water between rain
and
irrigation -even us -and to provide nutrients for plants,
Liffle to no compaction so that roots can vastly penetrate
the it an:d oxygen and water i:aii -reach the root!5
Low soluble salt content
These conditions am rarely presera i ill home Ian gape soil,
especially soon after constructing a home. DuriRg
1. Thi's dociimprit is SL391, one of a Ferie5 of the Department of Soil and Watei-Sri �nc:es, UFAFAS Cxter)sion, Origi nal pu bli ri t ion date Ncivern l?p r 7 (113,
Revised A pri 12022. VP5 it the E IBIS vweb5 ite at h ttp-5;ffedi5Jfa5 ufl ed ti for t heCUFFently supported ver5io,n of th is pu b1i ca tion,
2. 6eorge Hoch muth, professor, Dope rtme rat of Soil and WateF Sciences: Don Rain ey, UFAFAS Extension agent, UFA FAS Extension SaTasota County; Laurie
Trenholm, professor, Envi ron-mentall Mortice Itu re Departm ent; Ese n Mo mol, df rectos Cla ire Le* is, se nior information speciali st, Flori da-Fri endly
Lands-capingTm PrGgra rn-r and Bria n N lerTia ran , U FAFAS Extension a gent, UF7e'l FAS Extension P1 nellas County; UFAFAS Exte nsion, Gai nosy ill e., FL -3.2611.
The Institute of FoGd and Agricultural SciinerkEes (IFAS) i 5 an Equal Opportunity Institution aurthorized to proviae research, educational infDrmatinn and otfieF sel'vices,
onI y to Indlv-dua Is and instItuti-ons that (Un race. rol 0 � rel l9lon. age. <IrsaWilty, wx, sexual otlentation. marita I status.
I , Cticir) With 1)0r)-dLSC f Irni nation with oespect to
national origin, pol itimi opinions or atfil iat ions- For more information ion obtain ing Gth er U:.-'l FAS Extension publicatior s. C0 -I- act YDUF Cciurkt)rs UF1IFAS Extension office.
U.S. >partrn-ent of Agrlcti here, U FXAS Extension ervioe. UnlyersIty of Florida, I FASy r loi i<la A & M Jnlve i�sitk C-oo 13�i at !,jnslorh Pyograrn, a rid Boards of Col i ntV
Comm issi ane rs CoDperat in-g- And ra Joh nsan, dea n for U I'll FAS Extension.
Page 74 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
construc t io n, 1101111le SlteS LL [) d L: E-t) o 11 LL ni c ro us changes that
V
disrupt the soil and do not leave landscape soil in an ideal
con lit 1 o n for plant ing.
What are the challenges
associated with urban soils?
B e fo re you r neighborhood was de aloes d, the soil vvias most
liklelea' naturally formed, ronsisl ing u t' {i lil-, %VMC171 M Lcroo r-
gallisms,, organic mattt�r, sotnf nutrienti, and ininerals.rMe
soil may have beers. part of a natural, forested ecosystem or
agricultural soil. Common construction and development
prat tict_,:s changed these mitural 5oll:s to a more challenging
onvironment for growing plants- when your home was. built.
Characteristics of Urban Soils
The disturbance, of soils after construction occurs in many
ways —there is no such think as a typical post - con ruction
urban sell_ However, urban soils share s�veral cumnion
character i-stics responsible for the challenges in establishing
and maintaining landscape plants and tar f9rass:
Variable soil characteristics and texture
it
Cornpacted soil cond ions
Po o r soil structure -and tow orgy n i c matter c o n to n t
H1.9h variability In fertility and pH leveh,
Low biological activity
Variable Soil haracteri tics and Texture
Often, fill material (sand) froin nearbil areas is brou&t to
the con stria c tion site, 'I h I s ;.,and 1� s p rea d over the n 4-h t live,
soil, burying the topisioil layr (Figure 1), The fill end.
servesas the base for placing the concrete slalp for the honie
f6unda 11on. The fill material is also spreid arL)Li nd the site
on areas that �N: I I I b ecorne the lawn aii d I andsc f LlIer ThC fl 11
sand has low organ te matter an n i tr_)gL'Tl C,01 I I L'I 11. 11 1 L IS 0
can have a wide range of phosphorus and otbei I- LL I I I C [It
Conte ntsand t)?Ical ly has a low orate r-hok] 111 C al-C9 C it Y.
Additional sand (ir t4)psoll may be imported and, added
over the sandy fi I I I I L I cl-1 al durl ng the fi n al o i c dcvc I op—
relent process- Moving the soil and mixing the -soil profile
create highly variable physical and cbernioal characteristics
(Figure 2) and can result in cons id-erable compactioli ill
urban ;,;oIls-
n) some locations of Florida, dredged materi tii I frorn
;,1()rrnwrktt,_r retention ponds. 15applied on LAt-Ahisvn.aterial
may have a h j gh clay cones tit, wh 1 ch leads 10 L_ 114111 C 11
establ I shing new landscap es. Clay soils do not d rain we 11
and can be e-asily compacted (Figure 3). S-oils with high
arnounts of clay can lead to poor root development (Figure
4) and are susceptible to standing water during much of
the year. Th is lead s to wa terloggi ng of t he soil and root
rot. D uri rig the h nal grad i n g p ro �es;s ;in I-andscape bed
preparation, a thin layer of tol:i soil is- com m o n ly applied on
top of the fill material to aid in plant establishment, but the
underlying sod problerns remrain.
Finally, the soil at the horn site inay contain other
construction debris such as wire, wood, nails, asphalt paper,
and concrete shards. These materIials cantalso rtstriI ct plant
roe Pot doto op-m ent for newly -CaplaTA,5-
ei to ed I a n d S
Drywall and masonry debris can clian go the soil's chemical
properties, for example, pH andother beneficial nutrient -
holding Capacities. This will bt discussed in greater detail
later-
F ig u f e 1. F i I I san d is aft, an pi led o n co, nstruction sitc-s w se rve -a s a ba so
fc)r thk? horne's foundation-
C redpts: Geer Hoe_hm nth
6.r
A.-
I V
Figure 2. R I I san d i q Typ ic;)l ly added to a construe tion sitQ I o- r@ i se
01 eel eVatlOrl, Fe-5 U tr-,g. 1ri the buriall of the native sol I ptofi le. In th i 5
pictu re, note that va rious fi I I mate ri a I s %overe a ppl ied i n layers to
establish the final grade.
Credits; Don Rainy
7he RWe oll(Soii' Afam igemepi t bf Afin bm'Zing" Wuerand Nutrient Losses from, the Urban Landscape Page 75 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
qr
A
M.
4b% L
IWML ik
F igUFe 3. U a,�y soils do not d ra i n wee 1. ca using sta n d i n g vo-ater-
r•gUit3® DGn Rainey
F igure 4. Stormwater pond dredging is often u sed -a s a h I I on
ho me construction Sites- These heavy clzIy soil s cause poo r root
development.
Credits: Don Rainey
Soil Compaction
The construction of a residential home involves human
and mec,banical. traffic, often resulting insoil compaction
(Figure 5). Compaction of urban soils reduces air avail-
ability to plant roots and decreases the amount of n-unwater
that can percolate into the I I - The wate r r U n ning off these
lan&scapes can car ry so-1 I and nu i rients from the s Ite an d
possibly deposit them in local w-.' ' ' terways. Compacted soils
can be e2ipecl-ally problematic irisloped home sites, leading
to more increased stormw,ter runoff and soil erosion.
Soil Organic Matter Content
Ann onding the final grade with additional organic matter
Improves soil structure by increasing sod aggregation
Of
the Lability of the soli to form clumps) i-trid i M-Provingsoil
I
atnFation and water -holding capaciq� Organic matter H1
high -quality so[[ is a ma)' or- source of plantnutrients such as
11itrogen. and pho-sphor-u-s. Organic matter Is Aso the food
s()III-ce for many benefloul s()11 Yuicrobes stich as bacieria
and. fungi that help regulate nutrient a-vallab illityin the soil-
Itals-o supports other animals, such as earthworms that help
[IN Native ,soil ins organic matter aerate the so I often conta , but
ihiLs layer Is 4teri buried under- several fe-et of fill sand that
has little or no organic matter content during construction
and development. The low soil organic matter content 'In
urban soils may lead hon-jenwners to apply higher levels
I'L, r 1111 zee` rrk i i d water to IN., o i, np ensate for the lost organic
matt L: i -1-1 flLs leads to i n C L L:.: [-I CILI %vate r use and the potent 1-al
for n ut rient I e a.-,- 1) 1'11g or r Ll t 11) r 1'. 1; or snore information on
nil ing the iIn the urban landscape, see littPS6fle'dis.
cim If I t r
-11 ills, ul 1, cdu/publ -3 cat ion� AE"566 and hups-911-edis,i figs - ij 11 - Lcliil-"
p df/ LH/ LHO I 2GO-p df
Air
*w soil hrucLes
0 Wder
NOWCOMPACM COMPACMD
Figtire 5.111 u I; r r-riti on Qf so- c.om pactio n- N at-P th-p- rid U ced proportin n
of al r s pace in the compacted soil (University of M innesota Exte ns Ion
200 1 ).
Credits,- U FA FAA Communications
variability in foil Nutrient Content and pH
Level
Urban soils often contain considerable debris left behir-c"
from cc nstruction. For example,, concrete wa ste can d 1 ri4. t I
i mpaf� t t lie, pH level in landscape so 11. S o I I pT I I;s Bell (I _-'Cl
ele-vated ne a r rn monry walls an d f0 ILL n d ations due to t he
lime and concrete residues from construction. Concrete
debris may also be buried in other landscape area�, result -
n In pockets oi"soll wh�r�elevated pH makes it
to establish lanii-scape plants that need an acidic pH- Plants
growi ng L n the se h I p H soils, may exhibit micronutrient
deficiency syrriptorns, such as yellowing of upper Ieaves,
ency, In addit o n to the concmte
S L I'M I ar to an Iron defici I
was -ter irrigation Neater typically has high pH levels, which
r
gradually increases landscape the .soil -ovt
oil pH er MEN
Depending on the fill materV.1 source, there can also be 41
IlkaMati-C differlenCe I F1 the PI I 411d 31. aUlkibLILLY "I
native S70114.; and fill material (FI"91'1 I L D':.
7he.Role of'oii'Afanf igenjen t in NIM bvizing" Wa tier~ and Nutrient Losses front t � � e Lfrba n L a n dscap e Page 76 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
F igure 6. Comparison between native soi I a n d fi I I m a cc,:, is pH a n d
M L----,h I I c 1) 1 eat ra�ta bhp p ho q p hi-i i i is. Th @ i n sert image shcnv; q ri mples
i-oI lected fro m this u p p er s I x i ri r- hid � (-)f t he two areas to I I I ust rate t he
d ra matic d ifferen ce i n org a n i c matter content.
Credits,- AA_ Clark
Soils with Low Biological Activity
1�! J 11. IV :5() 1,; al-t� CY-1 I 'W'cl I 1 p 11 U I I d -1 n Stfor dos Y-sl-i�Tn
g
and supporting wildlife in the landscape (Figure 7)_ Soils In
most new construction site. contain low populations of soil
microorganisms. Hea I -1 -1.7- soil contains a rich, mixtu re of the
plant(flora) and anlynal 11te ffatma). The organisms', help
decoinpose organic matter, cycle nutrients in the soil and
retain nutrients for plant uptake. An active Soil eCOSYSteLill
can help reduce the amount of fertilizers required in the
land,scape, A� organic matter and plant matcrlal;5 decom-
pose, they provide food for nematodes, fungi, and bacteria
that form the food web base.
F 191 j co -7. Co. n, A)o,7- 0 I,Itz. cf + o r-i:,.1 1 tok-W web 0 n9f h am 200())-
C r ei., U F.1 - I FA% ' ti t 0 FIS
Ways to Improve Urban Soils
and Make Your Landscape
Environm ntally Friendly
Man ag] ng a I wide ape planted i n d tstu j bed u roan sol, I s
can be. challen ing. The homeowner should recognize that
9
then c soils may create opport Li nit ties for pollut ion from trawn
-and laird ape (er tilizati-on. Ideally, -a new horne buyer can
control the landscape soil development before landscape
Plants are selected and installed. If confronted with poor
urban soils, the homeowner has options to improve the
health of the landscape p] an is and T-educe Lhe en v 1 r(In -rncn -
tal impacts of landscape management. Soil compaction,
high pH levels, and lack of organic. matter are ma) or factors
r
in ri rban soil that I cad to wa r 3 lid nut dent maningement
'MC 11OMt�O"'nk'- r M2 V 112 Ve ;111 1 ni
.gleS�r r . 'l %1
Boil character Istics.
Soil Compaction
The first step a h om eow n er should take is to assess the soil
for comma ration . Let ailed soil ( l. - sts can be done to make th Is
d-eterm ination. Theo c i es Ls lnc'� Lide measuri rig soil bulk den -
city and penetration resistance with a penetrometer. These
tests are not always readily available, so the horneowner is
r V] I I cid sed to check w"th the local LIVIFAS Extern office
about the
a '[ability of soil compaction tests- or �for narnes of avall-
val
able services. Alternatively, the homeowner can observe
the landsciapc for standing water or conduct a simple soil
CO Pem: t 1 mi tes L with a shovel or sm] probe. Cornpac I ed soil
makes it difficult to pmh a shovel, hollow tube, or metal rod
into the ground more than -a few inches.
111
Soil Test to Determine Soil Nutrient
Cont-ent and pH Level
Next, a soil sample should be taken frorn several areas in
the Landscape and analyzed separately to determine soil
nu I rient I twels anJ :5a 11 pH - You r 1 ocal cou nt Y U P I FAS
F_XtC11X 10 Cl Offl CC IhLn I L 10 1 U. I I I k '- I I I I at ion ahoUt test I n g the
-soil i is your landscap L?. The .soil t L: it results can guide you to
0 0
dr
proper e, Isions abow pH management and fertih-zer needs
of plants to be insi; L I I ed - Also. during wil sarnpling} YOU
A
can obsc rve any areas ot` co in p acted qlcoi I - P lease refer to So if
Testing and Sarnplingfor the Home Landscape or I-regetable
Garden by Anly L. Shober and Rao S,. IMyt-rivarap u at http-s-.//
tdls.itas.ull.edu/s494. More Information and guidclines on
the phys] cal and chem Ical asses-.l;men t 0 f the of I at the site
is presented by Shober, Wei sc, Toor, and Reisinger (2019)
(https: fledis. ificis. A. edu/ss 5 34).
MUM' Wa terand Nutrient Losses from the Urb-an Landscape ;j 'U ' ZIOW, Page 77 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Moth ring the soil PH, especially highs soil pH, is Phalle ng-
-
ing. Thi S is especially difficult when we irrigate with basic
(hish pH) well or municipial water. Landscaping with plant�.
tolerant of high soil pH conditions is -a 7god app ro ach-
Chemically reducing soil pH with sulfur additions may
help, and using "acid -forniin,g' arnn-io n ium sulfate or
urea -hosed nitrogen fertilizers is beneficial, but usually,
the effect is timporary, Relying on rainfall or harvested
rainwater as much as possible also helps to ni 1 n i rnize
additions of high - pH irri ation orate r. A mend the sod with
9
quality a q�ua I organ I c rna tter, such as cert [fied compost when
mplacing plants In the lan&cape. Shober, Wlkse., Dcnny,
a rid Mylavarapu (2019) provide g u idel ines for reduc i ng the
soil pH in the landscape. These approaches help to improve
ph-Lnt growth, increase the efficicncv of fertilizer and water
Ihood o
u L.,.e I n the lan&f�u-,�_k:
ape, an d red1 h c I i kel f n u(rjent
losses from the lan&cape.
Poor Soil Structure and Low Organic
Matter
Vic ideal organic matter composition in the ;soil consi&us
of c urrently living and recently living organisms and fresh,
decon-iposing. and stabilized (fully decornposed) organic
rn,4111v-r (Figure 8). As the organic rnat(er degmdes,, it
increasesthe poi I' nutrient- and water -holding caparit'
The process of mixing organic nutter into the soil breaks
up compacted soil area. , Organk rn atte r improves soil
,structure, teduces. cornpac tion , and h- t,_lps moderat t: soll p H
i n c r e -a -s es -
AI=i wig orpm ivn& -c 5%
SUbJe a matter (ham:) 33-50%
D"iompo;ing *manic mWftr33-50%-
Frwshly ocl&d msidLws c: 10%
F ig ure 8.1 d eal mi xtu re of soi I organic matter com po ii ents (Ingham
2000).
Credits,- U FA FA 5 Co ro rnunicatio ri�
4;
The hest course of action for soil improvement i. to build
organic matter in the. landscape over time to achieve the
d esirecl p ropmort Ion s of t I il e va 11 ours organ is matter curn-
p () n cn t L-,., D ependt ng 011 -%%- I r j 't
J is, organic matter can be
applied hv several inethods.
0
For establiAed plant beds, the easiest rnethod is to use
cwnpw; t. Fn ado, fro m grass it ippi ngs. an d oth e r organ i c
materials. Turfgrass clippings should be put on the lawn
where they can decompose and return organic matter and
nutrients. Compost canbe applied a%; mulch or topdressire
to landscape beds- Use fully coniposted materials for
.9
incorporation into the soil, As a rule of thumb, compost
shouldniat have anv recognizable pieces of organic matter
(e.g_, sticks, leaves, wood chips, etc.),
Cornpost can be mixed into the root zone before planting
to prepare a new plant bed. This mixing can be done with
a s L shovel; Li&e a ro iller for larger areas, Hourever,I a tiller
should not be used in areas containing estab ]L .1shed trees
-or woody sbrub.s. '1he root systenis of these plants extend
well out�id-e the canopy, and a tiller ran caust -severe root
dwaw_ Use the, fretservjce "Di -al 8115'to determi-ne where
electrical and datafphone wires are located.
Increa:51.ng soil organic: mat t�r hay positive effect� on
nutrient and water management in the landscape- Orgailic
inatter helps hold water a-nd nutrients in the soil, likely
reducing the amounts of fertilizer and. irrigation required.
Impaiving soll (ju,slit y with organic iwiler reel uces thc
potent ial for nut r[en t I o from the I an dscape, maki ng
your Forme ,site more environmentally friendly. Issues, such
as cornpaction and I ack of rnicrobial biological activity, will
be resolved as i mprovernent s are made and the land&cape
evolves#.
When tirnpruving soil qualitya pircitience is important, bec-ause
conditions may take years to Improve -
Plant Selection
Choosing the right plant for the right place in your
landscape is an integral part of creating a Florida- Friendly
landscape, Sometimes there is little you can do to change
the soil in the lands�ap-e_ Selecting plants that tolerate or
'thrive in poor soil conditions may be the most effective and
least expensive approach. To learn wh[ch plants can tolerate
high soil pH conditions, -Scf2 Ihe Florida- Friendly Landscap-
ing- Guide it) Plano Selecfyon & Lei ndscape D-esignat http.L-N,://
ffl- ifas. ufl-edut.
Summary
Soil is the basic building block of any landscape, however,
inappropriate borne construction practices can result
in chall cnging management ues for solls In the home
lan&scapse
-
Dis.turbtd urban soils can re:wlt in poor plant growth,
increa-,%,M. water and fertilizer requi rement L,, an d 111 C reasod
susceptlbiliqr to pests and disease. Elevated pH levels and
h igh soil -compaction can lead to serious water quality is-
sues if homeowners do not take the proper !steps to improve
s soi I q Liali ty. TIC e best <:ourse of acts on fo rh -vmers
7he Role oj'Sod Mt nagemepi t bf NIM r'�ni'Zipig" Miter - oj,d Nutrient Lf)ss es frotj i ike Urban Landscape Page 78 of 09
Agenda Item #3.
i s to start wit h a soll assessment an d soi I tcsts -and t h c n
to build organic matter I n the landscape over t1isue. The
addition of organismatter content incredoes nUtrient- and,
%- al i�!r - hol di n it s and makes tN soil cazmer to till for
planting. Correcting soil quality prob lees in the landscape
development stage results in a more Florida -Friendly
lan.dscape with reduced water pallution and ntitrunt los�.
References
Florl da - Fri en dly I. and sclng I I ro 01-i LM _ Gaine!SVille',
L9
Un ivers ity of F1 o r [da I n stitute af Food and Agricultural
Sciences. https-./Iffl,]'tiffs, ufl.ectu/
I n gliam, E_ R. 2000- 'The Soi I Food )Alebl" I n Soil Bi�)logy
Prirner, edited by A, 1. Tugel, A, M. Lewandowski, and
D. Happe-von.Arb. Iowa; Soil and Water Conserva t ion
Society. httpsjq.liww�-Y.swcs.org/`resources/pubi[cations/
soi 1-be Ogy -1) ri riser
Shober, A. L., C. Wiese, and G. S. Thor, and A. Reisinger.,
2019. Preptant Soil kisessrn en 11 fox- Neiv Reqidential Land-
scapes in Florida- Cainesvi Ile, U , niversity of Flodda In t t
of Food and Agricultural. Sciences. https://edis.ifm.ufl.edut
s 534 stp
Shober, A- I, C_ Wiese, and G. C. Denny, and R. Myla-
varapu. 2019. Soil pH tan d tire Horne Lan dsea or Garden.
Gainesvil-le: Unix r�dty o f Horld zi last itute of f oo-d and
Agricultural Sciences ,, htl .1 Cas, ttfl,eihd ss480
Shober, A. L., and R. S. Mylavrapu. 2018. Soil Tesftngr and
SamphVfor the Home La 0 U Is capc (i r Vqeitable Garden.
('o-ainesmille; LJniversltv ol'FlSri da In-si -It ute of Fo () d and
, �S 12 S
Agriculturd Scie-jices. https:.1`.1`edi.s.j to . _Ufl_ LJW
US . Enviro n 1111., 111'. 11 TY() t fxt ion Agency. 202 1. Evaluation
of ran Srn,'�. Suilabilit y ' for Green InfrLasf ructure or UrbanAgricu 1h i re. EM publ ication no. 905R 1101 littps; Il;%rww.
epa.gov- /green - InfrazsA rUCt Ll re
7heR4ile ofSod Manfigenjew bf NIM r'n,2j'z1Ojg,, Water and Nutrient Losses from the Urban Lfmdscape Page 79 of 09
Attach m en E
Agenda Item #3.
LT I IFAS Extension ENH1348
UN I VERSITY of FIA MIM https,./ldoi.org/ 10,3247 3/ed I s- EP612 -20 21
Synthetic Turfgrass and the Nine Principles of Florida —
Friendly LandscapingT"",
Jason Kruse, Bryan Unruh, Jennifer Marvin, Tom Wich ma n, Lynn Bafber, Norma Samuel, John
Bassart, Claire Lewis, and Esen iomvll
Introduction
Hoineownevs in Florida are offiered inany different species
'in 4-
_d cult � L va1-.,1-_, () fri,,11 L-1 r1':11 111 1-11'g I: o c c)nslder for thelir I avvi n
each off OL ng var yi tig I evel s of shade, rn-aintenarice., water,
d.tsease, and pest resistance, as well as differences in color,
texture, and o-verall gyres hetics. Recent additiom, t o t he I Ist of
u v a i I at) I c I u r C9 -r;�;s LN% L: I i a vL: beriefited from extewilvc b rcedi T19
progranis to develop cultivars that need fewer inputs.
water and fertilher). have fewer pest problems, and require
le" mowing, all traits that cont ribute to their a pprop rVI
tuse I n Florida- Friendly Landscaping` (FFL) (Morn of _t a]
2021),
However, in a- dkl i I. lik 111 to these living t u rf optionstSOMe
homeowners replan, L' 11 t1 t L L ral to rfgrass w th syn thet i c i Li rf,
also referred to as ai- I: i t 1dal tur I Originally developed as a
d u rable, low- rnainten ance playgrou nd surffice, synthetic
turf i:s a manufactured product that utilcyes synthetic fibers,
i hat in i m is the acst lu�tj c I Sao k of nat Li ral g rass_ F&.�c ntial ly
outdoor carpet, artific i a] turf is typically conip o sed of
nylon® polyproMrIene, or polyethylene fibers connected to
a reinforced backing niateri ul. While design-ed to inilit get t C
i he, look of n atura I t Li rf, sy nthel: is turf do es not p rov ide the
ecosystem benefits of a natural turf syst t! rn. 'M is. publ 11cat ion
exam ines the properties of synthetic turf lin relation to each
of FFLs nine principles.
FIorida-Friendly Landscapin Tom':
The Nine Program Principles
FFL protects Flarida's natural resources by conserving
water, reducing waste and pollution, creating wildlife
habitat, and preventing runoff and erosjon (Morn o I e t al-
202 1). Land-sc apes in Florida can be Florl Ada - Fr i end ly if
designed and i-naintained according to the nine Florida -
.Friendly Landscaping" principles (FYN Handbook 2015).
Fach of the nithe Florida- Fri endly Landscap-Ing"Id prin.6j)k%_;s
are evaluated below as they relate to living, t u rfgrass and its
potenthal replacement by synthetic turf.
I - R ight Plant, Right. Place- F FL!s iris I o n i& to provide
science -based information for creating resilient, sustain-
able landscapes of living plants that hirive been specifically
:scjectej and appropf,
in
lately ;Stalled o that they re�juire
little or no irrigation, fertilizer, or pesticide. Because
s 'hetic to is not alive, it does not meet ffie, criteria
113
1. Thi s document is ENH 1348, o ne of a series of the E nvito nm enta I -i o (t is L. I tune Depa rtment, UFAFAS Extension. Origi real publication date December
2021. Visit the EDI 5 bsite at htt pes:.lied is-ifas-uftedu �or th e c u rre i, dy s u p port&d version of thi s publ ication-
2. Ja son K ru se, as s&d ate pyofessor, E nvi ronmental HortIculture Department,- Brya n Unruh, p rofessor a nd assoc is t-e center diremitar, E nvI ronmental
Horticultu re DepartmE?r1t, 0 F/I PAS WE?� I. F lorlda Research a rid Ed ucation Opri LeT, )ay, FL; Jeri ni for Mrj r Sri n, % Lai Pw, IdE? FYN, coordiriaWr, U FAFAS
FluTid.a-F r iendly La nd 5capi ng "' Frog rare ; Tom Wichrria nr a55iiStant di rector an d 5tateWiO e ('11 - W F' CQDFd i natorr U FAFAS Florida-Frien d ly !.a nd 5caping"
Frog ram., U F4FAS Centel' fo r Land Use Efficiency; Lynn Barber, progiram cou my EXten 5 io n ark tint I I, F101rida Friendly Landscaping'", UFAFAS Extension
Hill s borough Cou nty, N oirna Sa rn uel.. Extension agent IV, P tiD. FI ori da Fri oncf lyLandsca is i r g "'and UFba n hortiCURU re, U F/IFAS Extensi ono Su rater
County; John Bossart, Eaten s ion p rogra m ma nager, UF/l FAS Flori-da, Fri c-nd ly Landscapin cj Fu P f o9ra rn, Clai re Lewis, st-atolov ide FIFC c.00 rd i nator, UF/I FAS
Floc -Friendly La rid scapi ng"' Prog raryi; a rid Esian Mornol., dir.ecto r, U F.11 PAS Fl-oridan PrIendl y Landscapl rig"'' Program: U Fil PAS Ex to risionr Gal neSVill-er FL
32611.
The I n5titutp of Fond a nd Aq f icultuFal Sci-price-s (IFAS) i s an Equal QppQrtunity Institution authori2pd to pFwidF- rmw-arch, educ.Mional informalkm and of heir 5eFyires
-only to individuj Is d nd i n Ai Lu Lions that funL Lion with non-disvirrii nation wit11 ir-eSpE!ct to rdLL!, cry Cam, rcl igiorbr c3gc, disability. SAK, sexual ofieOtAtion. MaritAll StAtu�.
national origin, 1pol its to I opinions Qr affil iatjan� For rnnre infQrmation ion Ql;ftaiin inn othF-r UF!l FAS ExtF.-n5lon put)rIk-ations. con-LKI your caunty 's UF1IFAS Ext-ension, afhce.
U.5. Departm-'n L of AgriLU Inure,. U FAFAS Extend 'Survice.. UNyerl�ity of Florida, I FA5. F luridd A & M University C-Coperative Ex(cmlion Prugrjrri, d rid Boards of Coo My
Gomm is4anef s Coo, perat. I . nq- Andra jQhnwn, deLa n for U F;I Fk� Eyten5ion.
Page 80 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
of a plant choice for an FFL landscape. As a living plant,
natural turf rays plays an important role in cooling the
environrnent that synthetic turf cannot. Average surface
t, rnpi�ratures o f a nattiral turf ras lawn have lil�_en
reported to be as much as 70'F cooler than a dormant
r
brown lawn and as inuch as 100T cooler than synth,t]c
turf surffice�. Higher surface temperatures increase the
.mr-roundirig air tempt`ratur�s and result In an Incre-ase in
the encrgv required for mechanical cooling of adjacent
homes and buildings. Caludio (2008) describes heat
island e&cts generated by larger -Installations of synthetic
I urf- T.'LV 430 t UT-J' rasp al zso provides a root Z(lTle, Which
L% � 9
helps to fi Itc r and sslow runoff and stop erosionyn-
r
thetic turf cannot do this, because part of its fil qt al I at ion
requirep compacting the earth belo-tv, inc r,��r7s--111_tr runoff
hC F3 Cat 1_1 th lt� �V 11111 1�-[3'C t U rfr
.1
2. NAer Efficiently- Synthetic turf systerns do not require
�u pplernental irrigation; howevec. inst 4a 1 lat TORS Mav
roquire water ase fo r d I ffere n i reasons_ As menti o ned
above. synthetic turd -can become excessively hot, with
one aLithor (Kruse) urea suring -surface temperatures on
�yntht,_tic turfa!5 high as 160T Because of the:se high
to mperatures, it is comnion for use rs to %-.p rav t lie .S- Ll rfac 0-
with water to cool it for use, which nay negate some of
the perceived benefit from the systern not requiring 1Air-
r1gatlon." In addition, many nianufacturers rccurnmend
weekly wa,5h downs of the axtificW t-orf surface to removc
containinants such as dust and pet waste and its odor.
'1here washings, especially those to rernorm pet urine,
4 li'l L'I I use Ite a bit the waste u t p s
� qu L M S a:s
i J i i o ugh the artificial turf, the underlyi tag s- u b strate, and
t h �_2 wc c d barrier before being -carried away. This wash
water will generally not infiltrate into the ground below
bean s-e of toil -compaction conducted before ir1_;,i "'L Ila( -ion
of the synthefic turf As noted in 7he Ultimate ArtiOnal
Grass Maintenance (Yur'de (neograssco, uk):
Ifyour lxmi has imi liceii linstalled on a free -draining
sub -base, then you tuay need to purchascone of the
inany artificial grass cleaning products aviilable on the
market that will rernov-e the smell of u ri ne a nd ��i 1-11 t 1 Zr.'
your lawn.
Living turf, on the other hand, helps cool the environ-
rinent, absorbs pet un n �, aTid d o not require WaLsh I F1 g t
remove odors or dust- Once establi:shed, li V1 ing turf nceds"
minimal water during times of drought.
3. Fertilize App rtopriately, Syn thetic turf systerns do not
require, fertilization. However, the lack of a root systerin
and its associated microbtal coinniunity in synthetic
turf systems el I ininates. the water filtration benefit that
r
is pine. through the InSta]]CLtton of a living turf9rays
&ystem.
4. Mulch94
In an FFL landscape, mulch is often incorporated
within ornamental beds and around shrubs to maintain
;soil moisture and control weed growth. However, mulch
L ,S riot appl I cable to synthetic turf application 1I systerns.
5. Aurad %lildilffe-1 An FFL landscape will often incorpo-
rate elements that attract wildlife, includin -g the instal
lation of host and pollinator plants to attract butterflies
and native bees, as well as in ixes of sh rubs and trees that
Provide food, cover, and nesting Opportuniti-es for'birds
and other w it Ife- Th Is effec i is amp I fiffied when natural
w i'dlife preserves, and other green areas are ad)acent or
nearby. Research has shown that turfgrass lawns support
�1n abu ndance of ben-eficiai arth rop o ds. �,uch as beetles,
begs and wasps, a;s w11 aq,; %ro rms, wh j ch j n to rn support
&Mfe
w! -f eding
larger such as birds and other ground e
wildlife (ShLinat et --rd. 2020)., Synthetic turf does not offer
e
411-ly ben efit :s that attract, or!5upport wildlife.
6. Manage Yard Pests Responsibly: A fundamental
component of FFL is using the appropriate combinat -tons
of plan tt; (see F F 1, Pri nc Iple No, 1: Right Plant R -1 ght
Place) maintained through proper irrigation and fertilizer
protocols, so that vard pests are controlled with little. -or
0
even no need for pesticide applic�tion. 'I his holistic pest
managernt�nt approach form:s the basis of integrated pest
ni-anagenient, or IPM. As discussed above, while synthetic
-or sg wildlife}
turf plays no role in attracting upportin
it also does not contribute to the mix and balance of
landwaping7- plants that promott� JPM_
7. Re de Yard Waste: FFL promotes the recycling of y,-rird,
and landsc -,ipe dippings Mito mu I ch and COMPOSt r This
not only Wuces the amount of yard waste that most
be picked up curbside and transported for disposal, but
yard waste converted to compost and used as fertilizer
decrea�t;s the need for a homeowner to buy other fertil-
ize rq, espec i-a I ly sy n thet is fe rd h7uuns. Becausr, 5ynthetir,
turf is primarily plastic., it does not directly generate yard
waste such as leaf litter and -clippings, although failing
lt-�tves that 5Accurnulate on the synth etic turf must still
he removed to prevent wear and tear- More importantly,
hog ,v-cver, synthetic turf has a finite life span, perhaps 10 to
-10 -%-vars depending on the quality
of ongoing care includ-
1 nO 1- 11 Ap ves, and saTi li, n
Z_ 1 � 111 g, neum ovi ng lea I I I g- M tht- end
of j is I'L fe, the syn the c t Li rf wi I I need to b c removed a kid
r,p,,..l
replaced, with the ultimate d] of the old synthetic
turf most Ilikely In -iL Iandfifl.
,Syntheik Turfgirejss and ,-;.L- 'Oje Principles of Florida -Friendly Landscaping' Page 81 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
8- Reduce Storm aster Runoff.- The p rim a ry b a -se c o nstrur,-
t r
tion fo r sy. systems tic turf systes in reside n lal Jand-sc apes
involve,z, removal of a portion (2'11-311) of the topsoil
f 011 by 11 euiry compac tion of the rem al n I rig sol I to
establish a firm, uniform base on which. to install the
synthetic turf product. This compaction reduces soil
ire filtration rates and increases the risk of runoff fruni the
hrm&ape, While it may be pops lble to use rain gardenm,
berms, and swales to retain runoff on the property,,
there remains a significant risk- of increased runoff when
compared to natural turfuclIS-1.4, which has been shown to
S_
increwsesoijl infilinition raws.. A recent L.;Judy 'by I M pson
and Francis (2021) demo nstrated that synthetic turf
lawns had more runoff and decreased water retention
compared to living turf lawns. A sire filar study (Chan g et
al, 2()2 1 ) fOUT) d i h at I ivi ng turf provided grat e r r w n o n'
control than synthetic turf.
L.Yjn
a. In n-l-
a-ddition to runoff vollie. Fletic turf runoff
has- hcen shown to cota.._-, '; i i o ce n i rat iong
that pose a potential risk to surface wate rs and
aquatic organisms (Connecticut Department of
Environs-nental Protection 2010)r Another synthoic
turf study in New York found that runoff water from
rain or from spraying or ni isting -contained some
25 different the nalcal species and four metals (zinc,
�eleniurn, lead, and cadiniurn) that were released into
water from the rubber infill incorporated into the
synthetic turf (Claudio 2008).
1). Tn contrast to synthetic turf, a twalthy, established
teat u ral turf sysftrn consists. not only of t h c de nse
cover of the tab oveground grass blades, but also an
underlying deep, intricately intertwined root zone
th at can fi I ter and absorb con tam I n an ts, Na I u ral t Lt rf
installations improve soil str ucture over time and a-,;
a result enhance water filtration and infiltration into
the Foil, A robust root zone with healthy �uil will also
absorb dissolved notrients, de-crtw;e nutrient leachln,g
into the underlying ground water, and sequester
carbon. Because, by definition} ion, synthetic turf systems
do not consist of plant material, they have no capacity
We these same ec Ving
to provi o,.system servicesas a h
turf.
9. Protect the Waterfront: Synthetic turf �ysitems la & the
efit,
61 1 1 S
sol -stabilizing hen 11 . oMrcd by the roetzones of flood -
tolerant plants that are -typically found along theedges
of water b od les. 'I he presence of these plants protects
the shoreline from erosion and hasp been docurrienteda!5
having a Lsignificant impi act n reducing the concentration
and amount of contaminates that enter bodies of water
through stormwater runoff. Installation of a synth,,is
r
turf system along the edge of a water body M-Creases
the risk oft-o'Ll t_,rosion due to the lack of an estabhAed
SoLl LIL I addition e L
I -s I state izing rootzone. In add th increased risk of
runoff due to compaction of the soils during installation
w -ttiI I t increase the r'sk of pollutants reaching the water
body t hat may have o th �r wise been caugl 11 e'filterej out by
the natural turfgrass system -
Conclusions
Protectirig and preserNrhig FlorL I d-ds water res ources
th rough sustain abi e land sr aping practices on living
landscapes is the prii-nary focus of the Florida -FrIendly
,an ds,�ajpjng "Prooram . ItstrivCS to actlieve this goal
through implementation of nine principles &-Sir to
reduce the environmental impact of urban landscapes
while creating wildfilfe habitat, preventing erosion, and
re duo ng landscap-e -based cone rib uti on L.; to landfiffs, When
considering the use of a synthetic turf system in the urban
landscape, it is tniportant to understand all the potential en-
vironmental. impacts. Synthetic to rf systems have not been
shown to improve or create wildllif,ti habitat, do not improve
groundwater recharge, can, heat excessively in the -sun and,
in more extensive. installations,, can cause a substantial heat
island effect. In aciclition, synthetic. turf generates higher
storrnwacr runofl'than n; Loral turf and bel_n:rho wn
to lea-ch a variety of contaminants, including both organic
compounds and beavy metals. F I r, ally} since synth i turf is
p ri rn arily plastic it hm, a fi n ite life pan a-ri(I 111 u st eventually
be dlsiposcd of In a landfill, a praCl ICC I I LILI IS counter tcp the
sustainability goais of the Florida- Fair ndl), Landscapinf
Program,
References
Chang, &, B. Wherley, J. A. Alitkenhead--Peterson, and K.
J_ klc T 11 nes. 2 021 - "Effects of Urban Resldci 11 i-al Landscape
(_()1)lPC1SLtiOJ1 Otl SUrface Runoff Generation' Science of the
'190 tal En Viron meet 78 3 : 1469 77. https.-//doi.org/ 10,101. 6/),
-1 " �
scitotell ,,, . � i -, - - 1. 146977
Claudio, L. 2008. "Synthetic Turf Health Debate. Takes
Root' Environ m en tat Health Perspecti ves 116 (3) � 117 - 122.
h t t p s: 1 .1 (] o =i, org/ 10. 1289/ chp, 116 -.a 116
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection.
2010. Artificial Turf Study, Leacha to and tor-titerChar-
-acterivics, Final Report,
The Florida Yards and Neighborhoods Ha Pidbook, 2 015 L
hctps,.Iifll.lfas.tifl.edu/niedia/`ffllf.,-.tsufledti/doc.s.fFYN land -
book_2015_weKpdf
Syntheik Turfgrass and dic, Nine Pritic iples of Florida -Friendly Landscaping' Page 82 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Joseph,;S. V., K_ Harris -Shultz, D_ lespersen. B_ Verincer,
and C. fulian. 2020. "Incidence and Abundance of Bees
find Wasps (HMen ptera) in Cent[Vedegrass Lawns in
Georgia." Journal of Entoniological Sden car 55 (4) 1 _54 7 )5 9-
https: 11dol. org/ 10. 1847410749 -8 - nA . 5.1
004
Mornol. E., M. Schesan, M. Thum as.T. Wichnian. G.
Hansen, C. Ixwis, j. Marvin, L BarbeL I S11rasy, I Free-
man, T. Mc I ntyre, E. Brown, A. Peck, and 1. Bossart. 021.
"What Is Florida- Friendly Landscaping?' EDIS 2021 (4).
I r
Simpson, T. J-, and R. A. 1'rands. 202 1 . 'ArtifiC lal Lawns
Exhibit Increased Runoff and Decreased Water Detention
Compared to I xv 1 rig I awns� Follow] rig Controlled Rai n fal 1
Everime nts." Urba n Ff)res try & Urba n Green ing 6 3:1272 32.
https.f,/,doi.org/10.-10161'j.ufug.2021-127232
Sy tj tit e i ic Tu rfg ire js s a o j d the iNhoje Pritic iples of Florida -Friendly Lands capingla Page 83 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
D IV IC N 40, - SW I MM I N G POOLS, SPAS, PATIOS AN D SCREEN ENCLOSU RESI'rjl
Sec. 27-3082. Intent.
I t is t h e i n to n t of th 1.5 d ivi s iorl to prov A e for the lo-catilo n a n d deve lop meat of I rTi rTl I r' DO U] S.. S p a 4, p a L 0 S
a n d sc reen enclose res a s accesso ry us es to res 1 d enti a I u n I is a n,d swami mming pools as p r PE -Ate 0 r L-0 M M e r -L 1:j f a I I i. 1 e S
as a principal use, and to 'provide controls and regulations to protect the eenerall safety and welfare of 0,11e
residents of the town.
(Code 1992, § 27 1 iib; Ord. No. 20 -8-8, § 612-1r 3-1-1988; Ord. No. 10-01.. § 2, 4-17-2001)
Vic. 27-3093. Where permitted
Swi mimil ng p Do Is, spa s, pa t i cis a n d s i: reen e nr- I Dsu res m ay be perm itted i n t h e town a S follows--
(1) Re-sidential districft- A n i nd ivid u a I private -swirn m i ng poo 1, spa, patio or screen enclosure for t h e
cx-c I u sivc use of a n a djacent reside ntiall d welling, may b c perm ilted as a n acces5ory u se i n a I II
agri cu Itura I a n d res id en t! a I distnicts.
(2) Commercial district5. A pr[vate or co m me. rcia I swi m m irig pool ma y b e perm itted as a u se by right in
Co m me rcia 1, Ge n e ra I Districts (C-.2) a n d Com m err-c i a 1, Off i ce- D i stri ct:5 (C -3)0 a n d a s a s pe ci a I exce pt i-on i n
a Cornrnerci a 1, Ne igh b orh ood D i stri ct (C- 1) -
(Code 1992, § 27-1557- Ord. No. 10-88j § 612,2.p 3-1-1988; Ord. No. 10-010 § 2, 4-17-2001)
Sec,, 27-3084,, Regulations.
Th e f oll local ng m I n i m u rn regu lat i ores shall I a p ply:
(1) Swimmil ng pooils o r spas a s an .acres sort' u se -
A swimming pool or spa ape rated by a residential homeowners association, or by the residents of
a single-f-arnfly dwelling., shall be 4n accessory use so long as it is develipped in conjur-ir-ti-on with
t h e pri ncii pa I u 5e u n the 5-ame lot -and rn eets t h e setba r- k reg u I atia n s state d he rein.
b- All swimming pools or sp-as as a principal u�ia is re conridri-ed r;trLJrALjres which shall rornply with
a I I setbac k irequil rements of the d 1 stri ct i n wh i c h d h o -V a re 10, C.,l 7 rd. � P t b;i c- ks for zi o n c3l or s p -a s a 5
an accessory use to a single-family dwelling shall hp -1 i-ninirinum of 10Y, feet on the rrr-ir and
i nte ri or s id e so 29 feet on the front, a n d 18- feet o n t h c corner s i d er u n iess a g reate r ea sernent
width exists, in w-hich case the width of the ezisen-ient shall be the minimum setback. Setbacks
shall be measured to the edge of water-
1. ng pool s o r spas i n a zero- I of I i n e z a n i n g d rat rict s h a I I be a m i n Irnu m of try ree feet
set bar k, on t h e side w h e re the res i d ence is c oast muted w ithout setba ck.
2. Swimming pools or spas with or without s-creen enclosures are not included when
calculating percent of total lot coverage.
3, The rear or side setback M d 'V [,-e redLc:ed to six feet along the length abutting open space
with a minimurn of 50 feet ui width provided all constructlon.1, earthlyork,
conveVance/retenti o n ( I of s ped I V, u r s�, b d I -v I slo n rel ated) a n d ma ihn tena nce s h a I I be
conducted on that lot.
fre,du!d: M2-04-07 13:37:45 [EST]
Page I of 3
Page 84 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
T h P rp-.:-i r 4;-P_tb-,-i ck for 5wi rn rn i n S pools u r sp-a s w h i ch -i rp an acce5.5ory use to R e s i d P n t iia 1, _S i n g I c
Family DistriCt (R-1) lots of G,,500 square feet or less., and whii:h also have a lot depth of 100 feet
or lessr shall N reduced to six feet provided all of the conditions set f orth Ferei n zi re met- If the
single-f-a mily cl�%.Pcelling unit is part of an -approved planned unit development then the reduced
setback sho 11 not be permitted. In order to he permitted the reduced six-foot setback for an
accessory pool ur spa, the property owner must submit the foflowin� documentation as part of
the building permit for review and approval and satisfy the following requirements:
I A c; u rve-V s h owi nig thee lacedon of the 15wi rn m ing pool a nd/o r spa;
2. A topographic survey that demonstrates that the proposed pool or spa maiiIota iin5 drainage
on- 5i t e a n d that t h e prope rty ha s 50 per-ce fit i m pervio u s -a f ea or les 5-.
3. If a property has more than 50 percent imperviousarea, the o�vner shall submit -a
document indicating the approval from the applicable drainage authority (or authorities)
and the town's utility director, and shall submit a Erading a nd drainage plan prepared by a
state I icen5ed professional engineer demonstrating that the i ricrea5e in impervious area
does not cause any negative off - site impact;
4- 1 f a p roperty uses th e red uced :selt b ack, the owne r of th e pro perty shall I nsta I I a s ix -f oot-
h Igh o p aq u e fence o r wall that p rovi des a fl x- foot- h I g h screen a lo nZ the rea r grope rty I I n e_
(2) Svvi mmi ng pools as a principal use.
a. Any swimming pool owned and operated by a governmental aEency or operated a a private or
com m erc i a I e nt-e rp ri se exists ng singularly or in cam binati o n wit h other p rivate or ca m m e rc ia I
recreation uses on the same property shall be considered -as a principal usc subject to tho
regullati ons of the ap plica kyle z on i ng d listrict, 1 n-cl ud i ng, all I ya rd setba ck requ i re me nts.
b. Swimming Poo 15 JO.CatLed at fin ished grad e sha I I n of be co n s i d ered a 5 lot coverage.
C 1 As deemed necessary by the town counciJ, larid 5cape screening may be required to protect
neigh bo r i ng p roperty f ro m potenti a I loss of use or di m i n ish ment. of I a n d value.
Co n st ru ction of a I I sw i m rn i ng pu olls sha 11 be i n cc n fo rma nice with the tow n swi m m i n g goo I F-Ide_
41 Scire e n enclosu res a nd pat i os as a n a oces so ry u se.
a 1 A sere e n enclo sou re o r pat io sh a I I be a n a ccesso ry use so I ong a s it is develo ped i n cc nj unictio n
with the pirincipal use on the same lot and Meet the setback regulations stated herein.
b- Set back5 for a screen enclosure or patio of an accessory use to a single-family dwelling in -all
resident -pal zoning districts shall be a minimum of 2S feet alin the front, 7Yz feet on the rear and
interior sides, and 15 feet on the corner side, unlea 5 a greater easement width exii,sts, in which
case the width of the easement shall be the minimum setback.
(Supp. No. 12)
I- Screen enclosures or patios in a zero -lot line zoning district -are permitted without :-i sP_tb-:-ick
an the side where the residence is constructed without 5etback_
Sere e n enclosures with so I i d roofs sha 11 me et the setba ck req u irem e rits of t h P. d ist r ict i n
wh i ch they a re lo-cated -
3. The rear or side setback may be reduced to three feet along the Jength abutting open space
with a minimum of 50 feet of width provided all construction, earthwork, drainage
convey-ance/retention (lot specific or subdivisfan related) and maintenance shall be
conducted on that lot,
4� Patio means a wood deck or concrete slab that is not covered by a permanent roof.
fre,du!d: M2-04-07 13:37:45 (EST]
Pri go 2 of 3
Page 85 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
T h e rp,.-i r s Ptb.:-i c.k fn r ia scre e n enclesu re o r patio as a n a cresso ry use to Res i d enti a 1, Si ng. I e - ra rn i I V
Dist riot � H -1; I of s of 6,500 sq u a re feet o r less, a n d' wh is h a I so h ave a I gat depth of 100 feet or I ess,
shall he three feet prov-ded all of the folliawing conditions as set forth herein zire met- If the
single -fa milt' dwelling unit is p-arz of an -approved planned unit development, then the reduced
:setbac k s ho I I n of be p e r m itted. I n o rde r to h e perm itted the red u r- ed t h ree -fu of setba c k for a
sore n enclo su re c) r p a tic.. th e p rya pe r ty owner must sub m i t th e fo I I owl rig docu mentation a s p a rt
of the builldini4 perrTill for review -arid approval and satisfy the following requirements:
I_ A survey ;h win T h e I or,,-i t i on of zi s r- reen e n c I o.5 u re or patio;
2. A topograph c 5urvey that deMOI)SLrates that the proposed screen enclosure or patio
maintains drai naEe on -site and that the property has 50 percent impervious area or less;
3. 1 f a p roperty ha s more t han 50 perce n t i m pervio u s a rea, the ow n e r 5ha 11 sub m it a
document indicating the approval from the applicable drainage authoritor authorrilies)
and the town's utility director, and submit a grBdinE and drainage plan prepared by a state
11censad PfOfe5sional engineer dernonstrating that the inere Bs-e in impervlou5 area does not
CBU5e any negative off -site impact,
4- If a property uses the red aced set back., the owner of the property shall Installa six-foot-
h Igh o p aq u e fence o r wall that p rovi des a si x-,f ocit- h i g h screen a lo ng the rea r grope rty I I n e-
(Code '1992, § 27-1559; Ord. No. 10-88, § 612-3, Ord. No. 24-95, § 1, 6-20-1995; Ord. No. 10-01, § 20 4-
1 / - 2 00 1; Ord- N D_ 16-06, § 2,r 4-18-2006)
fre,du!d: M2-04-07 13:37:45 (EST]
(SUPP. No. 12)
Page 3 of 3
Page 86 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
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Agenda Item #3.
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Agenda Item #3.
A
Figure 1 (onfvrming Lot)
Prim a ry Street
7 1_011 kh-
5
Front Yard
M
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It 0 0 0 M IL MM MA Al M Wv r
- - -
- - - - - - - r� - - - - - - - - - - - r IL - - - - - - - - - 01 -oil
00 Easernent
Lot 1 ipmz
Pri nci pa I
B u ildi n g I- i-cc
side, and rear
Setback Une
- - - - - - - - - - - Easement
PatioSideand
Rear Setback
(va ries)
--Or Artificial turf
LoGatic ns
* It property is within a PUD it nlay
have reduced setbacks from what 1�_:
represe-nted
Page 92 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Fig u re 2 (no n -confo rm 1 ng I ot)
Primary Street
75F-011
Front Yard
5
Leg e, r i
Um>
CN
No N&MAN
M!
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M
P nj n ipa
81jilding
1 0 1 0 01 0 in MIN on 01 0 in oil I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - dL
— — — — — — — — — — I — — — — — - — — — — — - — — — — — — — — — - — — —
Easerrie rit
_ _ - _ J
Loth r%mz
P ri nei pal
Building Front,
5 ide a nd Rear
Se [back Line
- - - - - - - - - - -
Ea�ernent
-----------------
Patio Side and
Rear Setbac,k
N,q r I e
A i-tific IN tLi r-'
Locatio RE
I f property I s with i
n a PUD 11 may
have red u ced :setbacks f ron') W IlAt IS.
represe rated
Page 93 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
F i wire 3 (zero lot line)
Leger7,:
Sti
B1.11 cing �-ront.
side, ar-0, re@r
-------_--------
ReLii
(EMar c .I
--- --- ®- - 1
1
A—fiflfilr-71 urr
1 1
Location;~
I F p rope rty i s with In
$ PUD it May
hove reduced setkocks ftfn What iS
represente4J
Page 94 of 109
Agenda Item #3.
Figure 4 (MXD Residential Medium DenSit Conforming Lot)
Primary Street
4 r.0 H
0 rr I
F—
I
Front Yard
14)l I
P ri n c I pal
Building
man on 0 on so 0 01
ec r C]
..........
Legend
Lot Un
Pri nci pa I
Building Front
side, and rear
Setback Line
Patio Side and
Rear Setback
(varies)
Artifi cl al to rf I. ocations
If property iswithin a PUD otrnaV
h a ve red ucad seth a cks f ro rn w hat i.r--.
represented
Page 95 of 109