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HomeMy WebLinkAboutDocumentation_Regular_Tab 9C_4/7/1993 / -- VILLAGE OF TEQUESTA Post Officeq Box 3273 • 357 Tequesta Drive C ,TX -6. ''" Tequesta,Florida 33469-0273 (407)575-6200 " N r ,.� ,: t Fax: (407)575-6203 i MEMORANDUM: TO: Village Council FROM: Thomas G. Bradford, Village Manager DATE: April 2, 1993 SUBJECT: North County Education Committee; Agenda Item Councilmember Schauer has requested that this item be placed on the Agenda of the Village Council for their consideration. In regard to Jupiter Middle School, on March 31st I received a copy of a letter dated March 10th from Tequesta resident . Pat Watkins, Chairman of the Jupiter Middle School Parent Advisory Board, copy attached. I also received on March 31st a copy of a memorandum from Lawrence Zabik regarding Jupiter Middle School and, more specifically, HVAC concerns. Ms . Watkins and other concerned Tequesta parents may wish to make a presentation before the Village Council on this subject. TGB/krb Attachment Recycled Paper • March 10 , 1993 Mr . Zabik , Your memorandum dated 3/8/93 was read to the Jupiter Middle School Parent Advisory Board at our meeting Monday night ( 3/8/93 ) . I have been asked as Advisory Board Chairman to respond for the group . Your timeline of starting- construction in August 1993 with 14 months needed for completion is completely unacceptable. As you are aware , the problems at JMS have been of concern to staff and parents since 1986 . You must understand the complete frustration on our part because we are now dealing with the third set of personnel in your department . Each time the players change, we ' ve had. to document and redocument our problems and concerns . Yet , after six years , we still continue to have no relief or solution to the contaminated conditions in this school . Many of our parents , like myself , are on their second or third child to go through this school , each suffering in some way from the building . It is unreasonable for the county to expect us to continue to wait another year and a half for a "possible" solution in the form of the new HVAC. We' ve tried being patient . We've tried working with "the system" . Where has that gotten us' NO WHERE. The air quality concerns have been well documented and the subsequent health risks to our students and staff at the school are, in our view, a matter of immediate concern. This school should be viewed by the county as an emergency situation. Unfortunately , the reality seems to be that no one knows what the definitive answer is to our problems . The new HVAC carries no guarantees with it that the conditions will be entirely rectified. Dr . Inman mentions in his report that the building should be- getting 20 cubic feet per person per minute of fresh air. I have attached page 1 of his letter verifying this as it was omitted from the copy of his letter that I received at the school . I understand from Mr. Whetstone that the new system will generate only 15 cubic feet per person per minute . The HEPA vacuums which have been ordered, at quite an expense, will not be able to remove contaminants from carpeting if the carpeting is damp. . . . will they? The problem of the mold and mildew within the walls still presents a health hazard. How will that be addressed? The carpeting should be removed over spring break while the building is empty and replaced with some type of tile. The problem of noise will have to be addressed later. The carpeting is , in itself , a health hazard. All forms of water intrusion must be identified and eliminated. All ceiling tiles will have to be replaced. The HVAC work should be done over the summer while the building is empty. Meanwhile, as all these items are being studied and talked about , the people occupying. this building are continuing to experience very real and very serious health problems . The ' conditions of this building are a matter of health safety and the people who are in that building every day cannot afford the time we are taking to determine a solution. This school) , along with Crestwood Middle , should be your highest priority right now . Nothing can be more serious than the health and welfare of children housed in our public schools . Please have a comprehensive plan in place before you proceed. We all want to avoid spending good money after bad. A consulting team with experience dn this area which includes a microbiologist , a medical doctor (internist or allergist) , an industrial hygienist and an engineer should have input into all decisions . Since this is a relatively new science , it seems that a collaborative effort would be the most effective and efficient way to proceed. We are working very hard on our end to talk to anyone in the professional world that may shed some light on this issue. Please do whatever you can on your end to shorten your timeline and have _ these students and teachers in a safe environment by the beginning of school next year . Please keep us informed of any and all efforts on your part to help us with these problems . It is important that we keep the lines of communication open. Sincerely, t da k Pat Watkins , Chairman Jupiter Middle School Parent Advisory Board cc : Superintendent C. Monica Uhlhorn All School Board Members Dr . Dorothy Peck Vera Garcia r , y VIEW THE NOTE E20 From: ZABIK --PBSCHBRD rate and time 03/26/93 16:13:16 To: SHULMAN --PBSCHBRD COBB --PBSCHBRD ARCHETT --PBSCHBRD SHAW --PBSCHBRD PECK --PBSCHBRD TAYLOR --PBSCHBRD JMS --PBSCHBRD aBOYLE --PBSCHBRD �� DECKER --PBSCHBRD HARRIS --PBSCHBRD VILLAGE OF4 ' PURI --PBSCHBRD ECO --PBSCHBRD e: . TEQUESTA WHETSTO --PBSCHBRD ' WAGE --PBSCHBRD ' DWILLIA --PBSCHBRD RSMITH --PBSCHBRD ,i KAR 31 1993e,, ,— BLDGS --PBSCHBRD WARNKEN --PBSCHBRD VILLAGE 3 BJORK --PBSCHBRD BGREEN --PBSCHBRD �.. MANA;ER'g GLEASON --PBSCHBRD GRAHAM --PBSCHBRD 1;,,. OFFICE PELL --PBSCHBRD AANDERS --PBSCHBRD /r- Q RICHMON --PBSCHBRD UHLHORN --PBSCHBRD Ln BOARD --PBSBVM5 o Board Member From: Lawrence G. Zabik, Assistant Superintendent Support Services PX 48510 Subject: Jupiter Middle School The following letter is in response to a 3/25/93 profs inquiry by the School Board Chairperson, Mrs. Gail Bjork. She has asked that we provide copies of cur answers to the Town Manager of Jupiter and Councilor Barbara Henderson of Jupiter. Please see the distribution list for other addressees. 1. Question: Have we ever done the magnitude of phasing in the HVAC system as we are at Jupiter and the other middle schools? • , Answer: No. We have replaced HVAC units at other schools, but not in numbers as at Jupiter Middle. In addition, the job isn't simply remove/replace with the same type unit. A ccmplete system redesign is required to increase ventilation rates. The job also requires redesigned duct work and controls. Twice the effort will be required than for installing an air conditioning system in a new school. The reason? In new school construction, the air conditioning system can be installed as the school is being built. Many times, units are set in place with cranes before the roof is installed. With the JMS project, all old equipment and duct work must first be removed, and installation will have to consider the building's existing configuration. 2. Question: Dr. Inman's report states 20 cubic feet; staff is recommending 15 cubic feet. Why the difference? How many cubic feet were used in the Administration Complex? I understand the recommended amount for offices and prisons is 20 cubic feet. Why should schools be less? , Answer: We have discussed this with Dr. Inman, the reference in his letter is incorrect. As the state toxicologist, Dr. Inman is responsible for public health concerns for a variety of organizations. For many of the buildings he deals with, the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) recommendation is now 20 cubic feet per person per minute. ASHRAE's ventilation table for school classrooms shows 15 cubic feet (see attached table taken from ASHRAE Standard 62- 1989) . ASHRAE states, "indoor air quality shall be considered acceptable if the required rates of acceptable outdoor air in Table 2 are provided for the occupied space." ASHRAE specifies different ventilation based on usage and occupancy loads for 1,000 sq. ft. of floor space. For example ASHRAE rates an area for smoking at 60 CFM. One difference between offices and classrooms is the occupancy density. ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 estimates the occupancy densities as 7 people/1,000 SF offices and 50 people/1,000 SF for classrooms. Using ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 recommended outdoor air ventilation rates (20 CFM OA/person for offices and 15 CFM OA/person for classrooms) and estimated occupancy densities, and assuming 9 foot ceiling heights, it takes 64.3 minutes to completely change the air in offices and only 12 minutes in classrooms. The above occupancy densities are from ASHRAE Standard 62-1989. Occupancy densities per 6A-2 are as follows: Grades 6-9, general classroom: 30 SF/student (33.3 students/1,000 SF) Administration: 100 SF/person (10 people/1,000 SF) Based on these occupancy densities, it takes 45 minutes to completely change the air in offices and only 18 minutes in classrooms. Thus, it may be that areas with low occupancy densities (offices) require higher ventilation rates in order to increase the outdoor air change rates. As you are aware, Standards contain guidelines for the design professional but few specifics in how the guidelines were developed. As ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 states "the ventilation rates in Table 2 are derived from physiological considerations, . subjective evaluations, and professional judgements (see Refs 12- 18) .' The current recommendation from the Florida Department of Education (DOE) ,is a minimum 'of 5 cubic feet per person per minute. The Adninistration Complex was built using the 5 cubic foot number. We understand DOE is in the process of revising that minimum upward. The HVAC system for the District Administrative Center is a VAV system with non-fan powered boxes. Outdoor air is introduced into the VAV system by the suction pressure of the AHU fan. The VAV system modulates supply air from 100Z to 25% in response to room load. Because the VAV system does not use outdoor air supply fans, the outdoor air varies from 20 CFM OA/person at 100% load to 5 CFM OA/person at 25Z load. The engineer used this approach to meet 6A- 2.06(6) - "A VAV system shall deliver a minimum of 5 CFM of outside • air per occupant to the instructional space during system operation from minimum to maximum load conditions. " The new HVAC system for Jupiter Middle is a VAV system with series fan powered boxes. Outdoor air supply fans are used to maintain a constant level of outdoor air. 3. Question: I still have not been informed of Dr. Inman's credentials and qualifications, though I asked for that information about two weeks ago. What are they? Answer: Dr. Inman's qualifications were available and were to be provided to you at the last board meeting. We apologize that we didn't make the transfer as planned. A copy of his curriculum vitae is attached. 4. Question: Why aren't we removing the carpeting in the school(s) immediately since they seem to be generating some of the biggest concerns? Answers: Dr. Inman has recommended "phasing out wall-to-wall carpeting. In the meantime the use of more efficient vacuum cleaners (with HEPA filters) in problem areas can help reduce suspended particulates" . In my profs to the School Board 3/15/93 at 16:17 I stated, "Improved room cleaning and HEPA vacuums will help indoor air quality until consensus can be reached for Jupiter Middle School. Air test results don't indicate an immediate health threat. We are evaluating long term plans for floor covering. If we decide to replace carpeting, the best time will be during the summer break when we can minimize impact to the school and install replacement floor covering. " If we removed carpet during spring break, we would create problems with using solvents to remove glue and then dust created by desks, chairs, etc. on the bare floors. Recently, we talked with JMS' principal who stated their Instructional Innovation Team' has included as a strategy for improved air quality, the removal of all carpeting in the school. That plan will be reviewed by the School Advisory Council in the near future. 5. The Town of Jupiter asked for the raw data a month ago. They have not received it to date, according to Mrs. Henderson. Why not? When the Deputy Superintendent was asked by Mrs. Onorato, officials to obtain a copy of the results from Entek, who already had sent them to Tallahassee, why was the request denied? Answers: Multiple copies of the complete report were requested/made available to the public and press. Most of those copies were immediately picked up at our office. Unfortunately, we do not have a record of who picked up copies for what organizations. Although we have not received any follow-up requests for information since the initial release, we mailed the JMS raw data to Mr. Evett on 3/26/93. We ask that a check be provided in the amount-of $8.10 to help defray copying/postage costs. NIOSH and others in the industrial hygiene business have told us that raw air test data is useless without professional interpretation. Therefore, we had the raw data sent directly to the state toxicologist for independent third party analysis. In my profs to the School Board on 3/2/93 I stated that one of our primary concerns was to, "make decisions based upon fact and interpretations from professionals, rather than reacting to unqualified individuals' opinions. " The result: we presented a complete package, including analysis, interpretation, and recommendations. We provided that complete package to the public on February 24. 6 . Question: What experts recommended that we need not test the interior walls? Why were they tested in Martin County? • Answers: All experts we talked with recommended against ANY testing. Their reason: there is no need to test when the problems are visible. Fungi growing on exterior brick walls, water leaks, need for better custodial practices are known areas for improvement at JMS. Dr. Inman stated in his letter, "There is no need to culture when you can see mold growing on the walls or the books in a room. You know you have a problem. then. Fix the problem, disinfect, and then culture." Entek's certified industrial hygienist, Jane Whitehouse (M.S. Environmental Health Sciences, Harvard University) also recommended • • • against testing. We have also talked with NIOSH, Palm Beach County HRS Health Unit, Curtis White (a microbiologist) , and Dr. Philip Morey (Martin County Courthouse) after we tested. All agreed with Dr. Inman .and Jane Whitehouse. Dr. Morey also disagreed with collecting air samples when problems were visible. So, why did we air sample? We sampled because we were sensitive to the concerns of parents and teachers. How should we sample? Dr. Inman, HRS and Entek agreed that IF we sampled, then we should be concerned about what people are breathing. Therefore, we air sampled using their jointly agreed to protocol. The results? We learned that "counts appear to be well within those normally seen in Florida schools. " We also learned that if in-wall microbes were entering the classroom airspace they would have been detected during air sampling. Once again, the state toxicologist stated that continued occupancy of JMS is safe. The future? We don't plan to sample when problems are known or visible. We'll fix the problems instead. We issue an open invitation to all recipients of this letter and ask that we immediately be provided the name(s) of experts who recommend we test inside the walls at Jupiter Middle School with justification. If we have missed something on this issue, we don't know what it is. Therefore, we need to talk directly with anyone who would recommend we test inside the walls. Withholding. potential information from us will only continue to exacerbate miscommunication problems. It has been suggested that the dead microbes are bigger problems. We have not been able to find any research data to support this. Any research on this issue would be very helpful. Martin County: We have obtained a copy of initial test results from the courthouse and have attached them to this letter. The report shows that both air and bulk samples were performed. We discussed the situation with Dr. Morey and he told us to contact Mr. Peter Cheney, Assistant County Administrator for Martin County. Mr. Cheney stated that a final report hasn't been issued yet. They will mail us a copy of the final and all interim reports when the final report becomes available. 7.. Question: Who is "Aegis Environmental Management, Inc.?" • • Answer: Aegis is a company that spun off from Dow Corning. Curtis White, President of Aegis, was the microbiologist for Dow Corning who developed an antimicrobial product called Sylgard. According to a statement from Dow Corning's Business Development Manager, "Since January 1, 1991, the sole company authorized to purchase and use Dow Corning's antimicrobial products and technology for building aftercare purposes is Aegis Environmental Management, Inc. " Sylgard has since been renamed Aegis Microbial Shield. 8. Question: Readings in several JMS classrooms were "over 200" . Mrs. Moran's classroom had a reading over 500. Why isn't this a concern? Answer: We are taking action to reduce these numbers. Although, a variety of standards have been proposed starting from 750-1000 colony forming units per cubic meter and above, there are no standards. We quote from Dr. Inman's letter where 200CFU/M3 was mentioned. "Florida normally has high counts of fungi, bacteria, and algae in its outdoor air. This can be as high as several thousand colony forming units per cubic meter (cfu/m3) . Florida school rooms often have counts similar to the outdoor air. The ideal, however, would be to decrease the microbes circulating in the indoor air and not to add new varieties. There are no federal or state standards for microbial counts in indoor air but OUR OFFICE HAS PICKED 200 CFU/M3 AS AN ATTAINABLE GOAL IN WELL OPERATED SYSTEMS. THIS GOAL WAS-NOT BASED UPON ANY HEALTH DATA EXCEPT IN OUR EXPERIENCE, EMPLOYEE COMPLAINTS INCREASE WHEN THE COUNTS GO UP TO 1,000 OR 2,000 AND COMPLAINTS ARE LOW WHEN THE COUNTS ARE LOW (emphasis added) . " If we were to use the 200 cfu/m3 as a goal for fungi, we would have already met it for every room tested except for the music room. However, we're not satisfied because we are in the business of improving indoor air quality. After testing, we revisited Mrs. Moran's classroom (Room 842) in an attempt to determine what might cause levels higher than other places in the building. We noted efflorescence and moisture stains above and below the blackboard. mold' and mildew were observed, there were signs of a roof leak on the overhang outside this rocm, the teacher said the wall was damp the last time it rained heavily, and there was excessive dust and chalk dust on cabinets and in the chalk tray (inspection February 25) . Room 842 was cleaned with a disinfecting cleaner on March 16. Roofing has informed us that repairs were made on February 18. The teacher has said the wall has not been wet since that time. In addition, rooms 803 and 401 have been completely cleaned and disinfected on February 23, and 26 respectively. 9. Question: Have chemicals been put on the carpets or not?! Staff was contacting the manufacturer about the use of chemicals on the carpet (if you recall, a staff member indicated that the carpets were considered hard surfaces) . I have not been apprised of the findings. Answer: Wexcide was not sprayed on carpets at Jupiter Middle School. Affidavits saying that Wexcide wasn't used on JMS carpet have been filed with the Florida Department of Agriculture. The manufacturer of Wexcide has noted a conflict between EPA and OSHA concerning the use of his product on carpets. He is currently working with both agencies to determine Wexcide's suitability for use on carpets. In the meantime, the product will not be used to disinfect carpets. Wexcide, a disinfecting detergent, has been used to clean walls, desks, restroom surfaces and fixtures such as faucet handles at Jupiter Middle and other district schools. Wexcide has been certified for use by the Florida Department of , Education, Office of Educational Facilities. It has met DOE specifications and has been placed on the DOE Certified Custodial/Food Service Chemical Products List. Wexcide has been used approximately 15 years in this school district. In summary, we have and will continue to take positive actions to address indoor air quality concerns at Jupiter Middle School. We thank those individuals providing us indoor air quality information that will allow us to further improve our facilities. Note: For those reviewing this on profs, attachments will be mailed separately. cc: Jo Tanner, CTA Representative Pat Watkins, Parent Advisory Council Admiral Tom Morris Karen Marcus, County Commissioner Thomas G., Bradford and Village Council Members . Lee Evett, Town Manager and Council Members Karen Golonka, Mayor END OF NOTE March 93 CURRICULUM VITAE Roger C. Inman wk. (904) 488-3385 1511 Belleau Woods Dr. hm, (904) 386-3852 Tallahassee, FL 32312 Education: 1983 - Ph.D. in.Toxicology Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 1970 - M.S. in Pharmacology/Toxicology Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. 1963 - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University, Pullman, Washington. 1956 - 1959; Pre-Veterinary Medicine Program Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Diplornate: American Board of Toxicology American Board of Veterinary Toxicology Professional Experience: June 1989 -Present; Director Toxicology and Hazard Assessment,Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitation, HSET, 1317 Winewood Blvd., Tallahassee, Florida 32399- 0700. Directs a multidisciplinary staff of scientists involved in risk assessment of pesticides and other chemicals in order to determine the impact on humans from exposures to these chemicals. Provides toxicological guidance to 11 Florida District Offices and 67 County Public Health Units. Toxicology consultant to Florida Department of Environmental Regulation and other state agencies. Performs risk assessments on environmental contamination problems, state hazardous waste sites, and the state SUPER act program (leaky underground petroleum storage tanks and similar groundwater and air contamination situations). Issues state health advisories when indicated by significant public health risk from chemical hazards. Meets with environmental, parental, and other concerned citizen groups to discuss and explain state chemical contamination problems. Prepares and speaks in behalf of legislative packages dealing with state chemical risk problems. Program Director for USPHS-sponsored health assessments for Florida's National Priority Listed hazardous waste sites (ATSDR), HRS representative and current Chairman of Florida's Pesticide Review Council. State Health Department's representative on the state task force concerning transportation of hazardous materials. Presents toxicology lectures for Florida State University in capacity as "Courtesy Research Associate". Professional Experience: (Cont.) 1984 - June 1989: Chief, Bureau of pesticides. Division of Inspection, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Tallahassee, Florida. Supervised 51 pesticide regulatory employees. Directed staff of scientists in: 1) analyzing the human health hazards posed by pesticides and 2) assessing the biological and hydrogeologic impact of pesticides on the Florida environment. As a toxicologist, performed hazard evaluations and risk/benefit analyses on selected pesticides for protection of pesticide workers and the public in general. Oversaw compliance monitoring (EPA Grant) and Florida registration for 13,000 pesticide registrations each year. Toxicology Consultant to Florida's Commissioner of Agriculture. Served as Department spokesman to the press and others on toxicology and pesticide related issues. Presented lectures and seminars on the toxicity and hazards of pesticides and other chemicals. 1981 - 1984: Chief, Toxic Hazards Divisions Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433. Director of Toxic Hazards Laboratory (consisting of Toxicology, Pathology and Biochemistry branches) with staff of 120 and annual budget in excess of$14 million. The Laboratory's mission is to evaluate human health and environmental hazards of Air Force chemicals by performing research and risk assessments. Obtained funding and research grants for the Laboratory's operation. Conceived, planned, and directed research and experimental programs in toxicology, pharmacology, and intermediary metabolism. Developed toxicokinetic studies laboratory. Served as the Toxicology Consultant to the Surgeon General of the Mr Force. Evaluated proposals and awarded research contracts. • 1978 - 1981: Officer in Charge. Toxicology Branch, Toxic Hazards Division, Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433. Managed and provided technical expertise in a multifaceted toxicological research program designed to provide medical intelli ence for deployment of many Air Force systems including the Air Launch Cruise Missile, the Advanced Strategic Air Launch Missile and other new aerospace systems. Chief scientist in charge of a $1.5 million research program titled "Toxicoldnetics and Pharmacodynamics of Air Force • Chemicals." 1977 - 1978: Graduate Student, Assigned to Ohio State University for didactic studies toward Ph.D. in Toxicology, • 1975 - 1977: Chief. Environmental Quality Branch, Toxic Hazards Division, Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433. • Managed and conducted research programs on 1) thermal degradation products; 2) teratogenic and acute toxic effects of pollutants on aquatic animals; 3) toxic effects of pollutants on algae and microbes; 4) effects of propellants and fuels/additives on plants; 5) degradation of AF materials and wastes in water and soil. .970 - 1975: Air Force Consultant, ToxicologylBcology, USAF Environmental Health Laboratory, Kelly AFB, San Antonio, Texas. Investigated and assisted with diverse biological field problems from all over the world. (eg, oil spills, pesticide contamination of housing, disposal of Agent Orange,) Directed operation'of aquatic toxicology laboratory. Conducted course in toxicology. 1968 - 1970: Graduate Student, Ohio State University,M.S. 1965- 1968: Base Veterinarian USAF, West Germany 1963 - 1965: Base Veterinarian, USAF, Myrtle Beach AFB, SC Military Honors and Awards: The Legion of Merit The Air Force Commendation Medal (2) Memberships in Professional Societies: The Society of Toxicology The American Board of Toxicology American Veterinary Medical Association American Board of Veterinary Toxicology Phi Zeta (Veterinary Scholastic-Scientific Fraternity) American Society of Veterinary Physiologists and Pharmacologists Personal: Born February 23, 1938 in Ontario, Oregon. Wife: Karen Carnes Inman; Children: Ann, Amy, Jill, and Marla. Hobbies: computers, photography, music, fishing. Significant Accomplishments: 1990: Facilitator "Human Health Aspects of Mercury Contamination":, Symposium on Mercury Contamination in Florida: Impacts and Solutions, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, June 20 and 21, 1990. 1989; Appointed by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Service to represent the Department on Florida's 12 member Pesticide Review Council. 1987-1989: Chaired Florida's task force on Pesticides and Endangered Species. 1985: Supervised development of Memoranda of Understanding between the Department of Agriculture and five other state agencies to prevent duplication of efforts and maximize coordination in addressing pesticide and environmental protection issues in Florida. 1984: Developed legislation strengthening the Department of Agriculture's control over the registration and use of pesticides in the State of Florida. Established a pesticide regulatory program that started with 3 scientists in 1984 and expanded to 51 personnel in 4 years. 1984: Awarded the Legion of Merit for development of the Toxicokinetics Laboratory and national recognition of research performed therein. 1982: Appointed as the Toxicology Consultant to the Surgeon General of the Air Force. 1981: Developed a program to bring the Toxic Hazards Laboratory into compliance with the new FDA and EPA Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)regulations. 1970 - 1975: Ecological surveys, monitoring, and toxicological studies related to the submission of a final Environmental Statement for the Destruction of "Orange" Herbicide by Incineration. Publications and Significant Invited Presentations in Toxicology: Inman, R. C., "Toxicological Significance of Petroleum Groundwater Contaminants", Presentation to Florida Environmental Health Association, Inc., Annual Meeting, Sarasota, Florida, September 25, 1991. Inman, R. C., "Florida's Unique Chemical Hazard Problems", Presentation to Florida Environmental Health Association, Inc. Annual Education Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, June 13, 1991. Inman, R. C., "Contamination of Florida's Streams and Fish with Mercury from Various.Sources and Dioxin from Paper Mills", presentation to Perdido Bay Environmental Society, Pensacola, Florida, January 24, 1991. Inman, R. C., Garrett, C. B., "The Davie Landfill: Chemical Contamination of a Sole Source Aquifer", PHS Regional Risk Assessment Workshop: Southern and Gulf States, Atlanta, Georgia, November 1989. Inman, R. C., "Risk Assessments of Environmental Contaminations from Petroleum Products", 1989 SUPER Act lecture series, Florida Department of Health, Gainesville, Tallahassee, West Palm Beach, Florida. Inman, R. C., "The Florida Registration Process, a Mechanism for the Prevention of Ground Water Contamination", Florida Scientist, Florida Academy of Sciences, Tampa, Florida, May 13, 1988. Inman, R. C., "A Model for Environmental Pesticide Risk Assessment", Scientific Program Presentation (Comparative Toxicology), AVMA Annual Conference, Chicago, Illinois, July.22, 1987. Shahane, A. N., Inman, R. C., Chapter 4: "Review of Available Pesticide Assessment Rating Systems", Hazard Assessment of Chemicals, Vol. 5, ed. Saxena, I., Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1986. Shahane, A. N., Inman, R. C. "A Random Sample Survey for Pesticides: Florida Experience", Proceedings of FOCUS Conference on Southeastern Ground Water Issues, published by National Water Well Association, Dec., 1986. Inman, R. C., Yu, K. 0,, Serve', M. P., "A facile Method of Detecting the Metabolites of the Jet Fuel JP-10". J. Chromatographic Science, Vol. 22, pp. 256-258, June, 1984. Inman, R. C,, Yu, K. O., Serve',, M. P., "Identification of Cruise Missile Fuel Metabolites from Rat Organs by GC/M4, Sex-Related Differences in Ketone Formation in Rat Kidney". Proceedings of the 31S Annual Conference of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Aug. 1983. • Inman R. C., "Use of Radioisotopes in Toxicokinetic Studies". Seminar, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, June, 1983. Inman, R. C., Yu, K. 0., Serve', M. P,, "Sex-Related Differences in the Metabolism and Distribution of JP-10 in Fischer Rats". Presented at the National Meeting of the American Veterinary Medical Association, July, 1983. Keller, W. C., Inman, R. C., Yu, K. 0., "Evaluation of the Embryo-toxicity of JP-10 in the Rat". Drug & Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 181-190, 1983. Inman, R. C., "Analysis of Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene; Identcation of Metabolites and Tissue Distribution in Rats". Ph.D. Dissertation, The Ohio State University, 1983. Publications and Significant Invited Presentations in Toxicology: (Cont.) Inman, R. C., Yu, K. O., Serve', M. P., "The Fragmentation Behavior of the Various exo-5,6-Trimethylene-endo and exo-norbornanols". Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 280-282, April, 1983 Inman, R. C., Yu, KO., Serve', M. P., "Metabolism of JP-10 in Male Fischer Rats". Proceedings of the 13 Conference on Environmental Toxicology, Dayton, Ohio, Nov., 1982. Inman, R. C. and Serve', M. P., "Syntheses of the 5,6-Trimethylene-exo and endo-9- norbornanols". J. Organic Chemistry, Vol. 47, pp. 4348, Oct., 1982. Inman, R. C. and Serve', M. P., "The Fragmentation Behavior of the endo and exo- . Octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene Systems". Org. Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 220-221, 1982. Inman, R. C. and Serve', M. P., "Stereaspecific Syntheses of endo and exo-l-Hydroxy- 2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-exo-4,7-methano-lH-indene". J. Organic Chemistry, Vol 47, pp. 1140, 1982 • Inman, R. C. Yu, K. 0., Keller, W. C., "Cruise Missile Fuel Inhalation Kinetics and Mglabolite Identification by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry". Proceedings of 30 Annual Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, 1982. Keller, W. C., Inman, R. C.,.Back, K. C. "Evaluation of the Embroyotoxicity of JP-10 in the Rat". Society of Toxicology Proceedings, March, 1981. Fisher, J. W., Inman, R. C., Haggerman, M. A., and Harrah, C. B. "Continuous Flow Aquatic Toxicity Testing Using Dilution Water by Reverse Osmosis". Report No. AMRL-TR-79-25, June, 1979. - Harris, A. M., Horton, M. L., Terpolilli, R. N., .Inman, R. C., Van Stee, E. W. and Back, K. C., "Current Techniques of Evaluating Cardiodynamic Function". Report No. AMRL-TR-75-125, Dec., 1975 Inman, R. C., "Acute Toxicity of.the N-Butyl Esters of 2,4,-D &2,4,5-T to Selected Freshwater and Marine Organisms. Final Environmental Statement for the Destruction of "Orange" Herbicide by Incineration", 1975. Inman, R. C., "Acute Toxicity of PHOS-CHECK 202 and Diammonium Phosphate to Fathead Minnows". Report No. USAF EHL(K) 74-31, Dec., 1974. Inman, R. C., "Biological Monitoring & Toxicity Studies in Support of "Orange" Herbicide Incineration Tests at the Marquardt Company, Van Nuys, California". Report No. USAF EHL(K) 74-30, Dec., 1974. �� ' ' h_1 nUA1u.Lh 1i i-. anm�n Ili t}� Or m�s•n�l�u�s �lnn�i��In,�,�i�ti�nli�'l�u�nttaiiiliituit. St1�� rY Report No. USAF EHL(K) 72-3, May, 1972. Inman, R. C., "Suadimethoxine Phar;nacokinetics in Young Dogs". Master of Science Thesis, 1970, Abstract in Fedn Proc 30:560, 1971. _ . „ „'�.,u '1 .1. . . IV •1110M •'•pac A'al pill' 01 a buIt % i%e•"'•' 'J u‘...".11 lb specify minimum ventilation rates and indoor air cooled, or both, t... tile com[urt of occupants. quality that will be acceptable fo human occupants and arc contaminant: an unwanted airborne constituent that may intended to avoid adverse health effects. reduce acceptability of the air. '1At '111' dust: an air suspension of particles(aerosol)of any ,slid ^'' 2. SCOPE,' dust: usually with particle size less than 1011 mi;rom- This Standard applies to all indoor or enclosed spaces eters (Am). that people may occupy,except where other applicable ctan- energy recovery ventilation system:a device or combination dards and requirements dictate larger amounts of ventila- of devices applied to provide the outdoor air for ventilation tion than this Standard. Release of moisture in residential in which energy is transferred between the intake and kitchens and bathrooms, locker rooms, and swimming exhaust airstreams. pools is included in the scope of this Standard. exfiltration: air leakage outward through cracks and in- terstices and through ceilings, floors, and walls of a space 3. DEFINITIONS(see Fig. 1) or building. absorption:the process of one substance entering into the fumes: airborne particles, usually less than 1 micrometer inner structure of another. in size, formed by condensation of vapors, sublimation, acceptable indoor air quality: air in which there a:e no distillation, calcination, or chemical reaction. known contaminants at harmful concentrations as c.eter- gas:a state of matter in which substances exist in the form mined by cognizant authorities and with which a substan- of nonaggregated molecules,and which, within acceptable tial majority(30°o or more)of the people exposed do not limits of accuracy, satisfies the ideal gas laws; usually a express dissatisfaction. highly superheated vapor. adsorption: the adhesion of a thin film of liquid or gases infiltration: air leakage inward through cracks and inter- to the surface of a solid substance. stices and through ceilings, floors,and walls of a space or air-cleaning system:a device or combination of devices ap- building. plied to reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants, microorganism: a microscopic organism, especially a such as microorganisms,dusts, fumes, respirable particles, bacterium, fungus, or a protozoan. other particulate matter, gases, and/or vapors in air. natural ventilation: the movement of outdoor air into a air conditioning: the process of treating air to meet the space through intentionally provided openings, such as requirements of a conditioned space by controlling its tern- windows and doors,or through nonpowered ventilators or perature, humidity, cleanliness, and distribution. by infiltration. air, ambient: the air surrounding an object. occupied zone: the region within an occupied space be- air, exhaust: air removed from a space and not reused tween planes 3 and 72 in.(75 and 1800 mm)above the floor and more than 2 ft(600 mm) from the walls or fixed air- therein. conditioning equipment(see ASHRAE Standard 55-1981, air, makeup: outdoor air supplied to replace exhaust air Ref.l) and exfiltration. odor a quality of gases,liquids,or particles that stimulates air,outdoor:air taken from the external atmosphere:.nd, the olfactory organ. therefore,not previously circulated through the system. oxidation: a reaction in which oxygen combines with air,recirculated: air removed from the conditioned space another substance. and intended for reuse as supply air. particulate matter a state of matter in which solid or liquid - air,return:air removed from a space to be then recirculated substances exist in the form of aggregated molecules or par- or exhausted. ticles. Airborne particulate matter is typically in the size air, supply: that air delivered to the conditioned space range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers. • " • .and used for ventilation,heating,cooling,humidification, plug flow: a flow regime where the flow is predominately or dehumidification. in one direction and contaminants are swept along with the air,transfer.the movement of indoor air from one space to flow. another. smoke:the airborne solid and liquid particles and gases that • air,ventilation:that portion of supply air that is outdoor evolve when a material undergoes pyrolysis or combustion. air plus any recirculated air that has been treated for the Note: chemical smoke is excluded from this definition. purpose of maintaining acceptable indoor air quality. total suspended particulate matter the mass of particles ! i chemisorb: to take up and hold, usually irreversibly, by suspended in a unit of volume of air when collected by a '�'~ chemical forces. high-volume air sampler. concentration:the quantity of one constituent dispersed in respirable particles: respirable particles are those that a defined amount of another(see Appendix A). penetrate into and are deposited in the nonciliated portion ASHRAE STANDARD 62-1989, 3 • TABLE 2 OUTDOOR AIR REQUIREMENTS FOR VENTILATION• (Concluded) / 2.1 COMMERCIAL FACILITIES(offices,stores,shops, hotels,sports facilities) ____ Estimated Maximum" Outdoor Air Requirements Application Occupancy [./s• r t Comments P/1000 ft or 100 m' person person cfmift L/s•m Photo studios • 10 15 8 Darkrooms 10 0.50 2.50 Pharmacy 20 IS 8 t Bank vaults 5 15 8 ' rintin 0.50 2.50 Installed equipment must tncurpo• Duplicating,p B rate positise exhaust and centre! Il (as required)of undesirable cor;- taminants(toxic or otherwise)._ 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL FACILITIES Education 1 8 Classroom 30 20 10 Special contaminant control • Laboratories Music rooms 30 20 , 10 systems may be required for { Training shop • 20 15 8 processes or functions including t50 laboratory animal occupancy. 5y 8 j Libraries 0.50 2.50 1 Locker rooms 0.50 0.50 Corridors 150 I S 8 Auditoriums 60 30 Normally supplied by tran;fe:a:r. —Smoking lounges , + 70 Local mechanical exhaust µttn no recirculation recommended. 11 Hospitals,Nursing and 1 • Convalescent Homes 25 13 Special requirements or codes and Patient rooms 10 pressure relationships may dcter- 20 15 8 Medical procedure 30 IS mine minimum ventilation rases Op Recoveryv rooms 20 and filter efficiency.Procedu:cs 20 15 R • �� and ICU generating contaminants may require higher rates. ,y 0.50 2.50 Air shall not be recirculated into Autopsy rooms ii other spaces. Physical Therapy 20 15 8 Correctional Facilities • 20 20 10 Cells 100 IS 8 • Dining halls 40 15 8 Guard stations • • fable 2 prescribes supply rates of acceptable outdoor air required for acceptable among people,varied activity levels,and a moderate amount of smoking.Rationale CO: ontrol is presented in Appendix D. i indoor air quality.These values have been chosen to control CO2 and other con- •for t c table space. Itaminants with an adequate margin of safety and to account for health variations p traffic.The need to control offending contaminants may sumed to be in proportion to the number of persons in the ! depend on local regulations that require specific control schiefly due to otherace.In other s factors and the ventilating rates given ,the contamination is presumed to be measures. are based on more appropriate parameters.Where appro- priate,6.1.3 Ventilation Requirements. Indoor air quality the table lists the estimated density of people for shall be considered acceptable if the required rates of design purposes. acceptable outdoor air in Table 2 are provided for the oc- Where occupant density differs from that in Table 2. •copied space. use the per occupant ventilation rate for the anticipated occupancy load.The ventilation rates for specified occu- 1.Cxceptions: Ted spaces listed in Table 2 were selected to reflect the con- present Where unusual indoor contaminants or sources are P nsus that the provision of acceptable outdoor air at these present or anticipated,they shall be controlled at the source rates would achieve an acceptable level of indoor air quality or the procedure of 6.2 shall be followed. by reasonably controlling CO2, particulates, odors, an- 2. For those areas within industrial facilities not other contaminants common to those spaces.(Appendi3 covered by Table 2,refer toTLVs—Threshold Limit Values D shows the outdoor air needed to control occupant and Biological Exposure Indices for 1986-87, Americangenerated CO2 under various conditions.) (Ref Conference of Governmental Industrial HygienistsHuman occupants produce ecarbonls, dioxide, wate coax 23) • vapor, particulates, biological Table 2 lists the required ventilation for of ndoor used as an indicator s.Carbonof indooioxide rcentration has been widel air quality.Comfort(odor per person or cfm/ftZ (L/s•m ) variety • spaces. In most cases,the contamination produced is pre- criteria are likely to be satisfied if the ventilation rate • ASHRAE STANDARD 62-19i "1 1 • air he delivered to the conditioned space at all times the a plug flow situation. If the flow pattern is such tha: the building is in use except as modified in 6.1.3.4. ventilation air flows past the contaminant source and I Properly cleaned air may be recirculated. Under the sweeps the contaminant toward an exhaust, the contami- ventilation rate procedure, for other than intermittent Want concentration in the exhaust can be greater than that variable occupancy as defined in 6.1.3.4, outdoor air flow for the well-mixed condition. Ventilation effectiveness can rates may not be reduced below the requirements in Table then be greater than that which would be realized with 2. If cleaned,recirculated air is used to reduce the outdoor perfect mixing. Local exhaust systems operate in this was. air flow rate below the values shown in Table 2, the Air With perfect mixing between the ventilation air and the Quality Procedure, 6.2, must be used. The air-cleaning air in a space, ventilation effectiveness is 100010. With per- system for the recirculated air may be located in the recir- feet mixing, E, = 1.0. It is, however, not uncommon to culated air or in the mixed outdoor and recirculated find some of the ventilation air bypassing the occupants airstream (see Fig. 1). (moving from supply to exhaust without fully mixing in the The recirculation rate for the system is determined by occupied zone)and achieving E, values as low as 0.5 (see the air-cleaning system efficiency. The recirculation rate Ref 26).Such flow conditions should be avoided.The abili- must be increased to achieve full benefit of the air-cleaning ty of the ventilation air to mix in the occupied zone can be system. The air-cleaning used to clean recirculated air improved through recirculation or active mixing of the air should be designed to reduce particulate and, where in the space. Additional information about ventilation necessary and feasible,gaseous contaminants.The system effectiveness can be found in Appendix F. shall be capable of providing indoor air quality equivalent 6.1.3.4 Intermittent or variable occupancy. yen- to that obtained using outdoor air at a rate specified in tilating systems for spaces with intermittent or variable Table 2. Appendix E may be referenced for assistance in occupancy may have their outdoor air quantity adjusted by calculating the air flow requirements for commonly used use of dampers or by stopping and starting the fan system air distribution systems. to provide sufficient dilution to maintain contaminant con- 6.1.3.3 Ventilation Effectiveness, E,: Outdoor air centrations within acceptable levels at all times. Such for controlling contaminant concentration can be used system adjustment may lag or should lead occupancy for dilution or for sweeping the contaminants from their depending on the source of contaminants and the variation source.The values in Table 2 define the outdoor air need- in occupancy.When contaminants are associated only with ed in the occupied zone for well-mixed conditions (ven- occupants or their activities, do not present a short-term tilation effectiveness approaches 100070). The ventilation health hazard, and are dissipated during unoccupied effectiveness is defined by the fraction of the outdoor air periods to provide air equivalent to acceptable outdoor air, delivered to the space that reaches the occupied zone. the supply of outdoor air may lag occupancy.When con- Ventilation may be increased by creating taminants are generated in the space or the conditioning system independent of occupants or their activities,supply of outdoor air should lead occupancy so that acceptable Y = Corrected fraction of outdoor air conditions will exist at the start of occupancy.Figures 4 and In total supply 5 show lag or lead times needed to achieve acceptable X = Sum of all zone outdoor airflows conditions for transient occupancy (see Appendix G for divided by total supply ( ' �- w U rationale).Where peak occupancies of less than three hours z = Outdoor air fraction required In )[tl duration occur, the outdoor air flow rate may be deter- supply to critical space 1.0, . mined on the basis of average occupancy for buildings for the duration of operation of the system,provided the aver- ,Q age occupancy used is not less than one-half the maximum. • 0.8. 9 "w'"� , Caution should be exercised for spaces that are allowed to I, s. lag and may be affected,due to pressure differences,by con- . os taminants entering from adjacent spaces,such as parking • Y 0.6, � Y = XI(1+X-Z) garages,restaurants,etc. o• 96 6.2 Indoor Air Quality Procedure: This procedure 0.4. •• a provides an alternative performance method to the Ventila- tion Rate Procedure for achieving acceptable air quality. The Ventilation Rate Procedure described in 6.1 is deemed 0.2, to provide acceptable indoor air quality,ipso facto.Never- theless, that procedure, through prescription of required ventilation rates, provides only an indirect solution to the 0 control of indoor contaminants. The Indoor Air Quality 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 ' Procedure provides a direct solution by restricting the con- X ccntration of all known contaminants of concern to some specified acceptable levels. It incorporates both quan- Fig.3 Ventilation Reduction in Multiple Spaces Supplied from titative and subjective evaluation. a Common Source 4 �.r,rlhi.1Ji rn f lyrNlruuti 1I,r1.1 , : Clayton:4; IAA (vuU, ;4:.(.u4'' FiN\'!RUN.N1(iN IAL ray 1141)81 .1ti ,; ' ' (.)\ S L' L I ANT Via 'f ciccopy: (407) 221-1305, December 7, 1992 December 7, 1992 • • Honorable Larry Schack Circuit Judge, Martin County Courthouse Courthouse Constitutional Office Building , Advisory Committee MARTIN COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS • 1(X)East Ocean Boulevard Stuart, Florida 34994 Clayton Project No. 44964.00 File No. F-2072S • Subject: Preliminary Analytical Results of Sampling Performed at the Marlin County Courthouse Complex on November 21 • through. 23, 1992 Dear Judge Schack: Preliminary analytical results have been received from one of the two laboratories analyzing samples collected by Clayton Environmental Consultants, Inc. at the Martin County Courthouse on November 21 through 23, 1992. A summary and discussion of these results plus Our recommendations follow. ANALYTIC4L, RESULTS - AIR SAMPLES . The concentration of fungi in the outdoor air ranged from 161 to 1,403 colony forming units per cubic meter of air (efu/m3). Cladosporium and Lygasporitun, fungi that are commonly found in outdoor air, dominated these samples. • . The concentration range and predominant kinds of airborne fungi found in the Martin County Courthouse (MCC), the Constitutional Office Building (COB), and the Public Defender's Office(PD11), under normal (quiescent)conditions were as follows: • MCC; 24 to 1,343 cfu/m3;Aspergillcu versicolor and Tilletiopsis • COB; 107 to 1,270 cfu/m3;Aspergillus versicoho. • PDB; 36 to 99 cfu/m3; Cludosporiwn • .!L\I• DI LLA1 I'!\ L M II\'. 71.'_ - • 4 • ('lay tO l • • • Honorable Larry Schack December 7. 1992 MARTIN COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Page 2 The concentrations and predominant kinds (taxa) of airborne fungi found in the MCC and COB during aggressive sampling, for example. as siined vinyl wall covering was being peeled away from perimeter wall gypsum board were as follows: • Concentrations ranged from more than 26,000 to more then 352,000 cfu/m3. • Predominant fungi were Aspergilltu versicolor, Penic:illium, and C'urvuluriu. ANALYTICA1 RESULTS - SOURCE OF BULK SAMPLES • Samples of vinyl wall covering, ceiling tiles, and other.materials were analyzed for concentrations and predominant fungi. Results arc expressed (below) in efu/square inch (in2) or cfu/gram (g). • • Stained vinyl wall covering from MCC and C(.)B; 1,000,000 to 24, 000,0(X)cfu/in2; Aspergillus versicolor was the predominant taxon. • Stained vinyl wall covering in courrrnoms (MCC); more than 38,00U to 170,000 cfu/in2; Aspergillus versicolor was the predominant taxon. • • Unstained vinyl wall covering in MCC and COB; none detected (limit of detection is 30 cfu/in2) to 61 cfu/in2; Aspergillus versicolor was the predominant taxon. • • Ceiling tiles visually contaminated by fungi in MCC; 3,500,00 to 59,(XX),(XX) cfu/in2; Stachybotrys was the predominant taxon. . • Dust on upper surface of ceiling tiles and utility conduits in the Jury Assembly room of MCC contained 2,500,000 cfu Aspergillus versicalor/g. • Padding from a sweater left by an occupant in the Jury Assembly Clerk's office(MCC) • contained 1,3(X);()0)cfu Aspergillus vc'rsicolor/g. • DISCUSSION • • • Analytical results show that strong fungal amplification (growth) sites exist at the vinyl wall covering-gypsum board interface insome perimeter walls in both the MCC and COB. • Aspergillus versicolor was the predominant kind of fungus founl in vinyl wall covering samples from these walls. • • Analytical results also show that water-damaged ceiling tiles are amplification sites for Swckyhotrys. The indoor air in both the MCC and COB but not the PCB was dominated by low concentrations (up to about 1,00()cfu/m•I)of a single kind or taxon of fungus namely Aspergillus versicolor, The dominant presence of Aspergillus versicolor in indoor air is • atypical. 37..\1 ui LL.411"\ LI' 111L'fli. %i 1i. • ,_ J,. • v., •.J • LOIJU\ \ •) - 4'. _r'4 74•:.: = 4 4 , (']its loll • Honorable Larry Schack December 7, 194)1 MARTIN COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS • - . Page 1 Massively elevated concentrations of Aspergillus ►'er.sie:olor and several other fungi are released into the indoor air when stained vinyl wall covering is peeled hack from underlying gypsum board. Aspergillus versico!or and Staclhvhntryx are "toxigenic" fungi. Spores of Aspergillus versica1t)r may contain sterigmatocystin, a toxin that is potentially carcinogenic. Stachybou s species may contain satratoxin, a fungal toxin known for its adverse effects on both the central nervous and immune systems. RECOMMENL)A T IONS Inform appropriate medical personnel of these analytical results. Request that medical • personnel advise the Martin County Board of Commissioners and the occupants of the MCC and COB of potential adverse health effects that may be associated with the environmental findings in this letter. The Hazard Communication Standard of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is probably applicable with regard to potential occupant exposure to toxigenic fungi in the MCC and COB (Hazard Communication; Final Rule, Federal Register, Volume 52, No. 163, August 24, 1987, pp. 31,851-31,886). Prohibit any renovation and construction activities involving removal or disturbance of stained or microbiologically-damaged vinyl covered gypsum board. Renovation and construction activities that disturb stained vinyl wall covering and gypsum board will result in the release of elevated concentrations of Aspergillus v•rrsiccicr spores into the indoor air. Please telephone (215) 630-4657, if ye 1 have any questions. 1 will inform you of additional analytical results when they are received. SineOely, • / 61,--Pe. -e4!(-1.' . ;Z..;•-•,--t,"1? -21_____ . --1--- Philip R. Mercy. Ph.D., CIII Manager, Indoor Air Quality Services PRM:cd cc: Mr. Peter Cheney •