HomeMy WebLinkAboutDocumentation_Workshop_Tab 04_3/3/2025 Agenda Item #4.
Workshop
STAFF MEMO
Meeting: Workshop - Mar 03 2025
Staff Contact: Keith Davis, Village Attorney Department: Legal
Annual Legal Update to the Village Council
Each year the Legal Department sends out a Legal Update Memorandum which explains the Council-
Manager form of government, as well as the significant legal and ethical issues that apply to service
as an elected official. This Memorandum has been included for discussion and questions. In addition,
at the Village Council workshop prior to the Councils annual re-organization and selection of the
Mayor and Vice-Mayor, the Legal Department explains this process.
Village Charter Section 2.06:
The Village Council at its first regular meeting subsequent to the date of the annual election of Village
Councilmembers shall appoint one of its members as and to be Mayor of said municipality and
another of its members as and to be Vice-Mayor. Said officers shall serve at the pleasure of the
Council for one (1) year and/or until a successor shall be appointed and qualified. The Mayor shall
preside at all meetings; shall be recognized by the courts for the purpose of military law; and shall,
execute all instruments to which the Village is a party, as approved by vote of the Village Council,
unless otherwise provided hereby or by ordinance; but the Mayor shall have no administrative duties.
The Vice-Mayor shall act as Mayor during the absence or disability of the Mayor.
This document and any attachments may be reproduced upon request in an alternative format by
completing our Accessibility Feedback Form, sending an e-mail to the Village Clerk or calling 561-
768-0443.
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Agenda Item #4.
POTENTIAL MOTION / DIRE&,TION REQUESTED:
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Legal Update Tequesta 2025
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Agenda Item #4.
1 1
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Keith W. Davis,
Esq.
Florida Bar Board Certified Attorney in
City,County and Local Government Law
Email:
keith@davislawteam.com
MEMORANDUM
TO: Mayor Young, Vice Mayor Sartory, Council Members Brandon, Painter,
and French
FROM: Village Attorney Davis
CC: Village Manager Allen
DATE: March 3, 2025
RE: Legal Update
am providing you with the following information, representing the most important and
directly applicable legal and ethical rules you each should keep in mind as you serve on
the Village Council:
1. FORM OF GOVERNMENT
a. Council Members are elected by the citizens, and the Council is vested with
legislative authority. The Council is the policy maker. (Charter Sec. 1.02). (The
Council decides on the destination).
b. The Mayor is appointed annually by the Council. The Mayor presides over all
Village Council meetings, and generally serves as the ceremonial head of the
Village. The Mayor has no administrative authority. (Charter Sec. 2.06).
c. The Manager is a professional administrator hired by the Council to serve as
Chief Administrative Official. The Manager administers and enforces the day-to-
day operations of the Village and the policies made by the Council (Charter Sec.
3.01-3.03). (The Manager gets us to the destination).
d. The Village Charter specifically prohibits Council Members from interfering with
the Manager's administration of Village operations: "Except for the purpose of
investigations authorized by the Village Council, the Council and its members
shall deal with Village employees solely through the Manager and neither the
Council nor its members shall give orders to any such officials or employees,
701 Northpoint Parkway, Suite 205,West Palm Beach,FL 33407 I p 561-586-7116 I f 561-586-9611
www.davislawteam.com
♦LEADING ATTORNEYS IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT LAW AND ETHICS
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Agenda Item #4.
either publicly or privately" (Charter Sec. 2.12). Violation of this provision can be
grounds for legal action via the recall petition process.
e. Essentially, unless the Village Council as a body authorizes any particular
Council Member to conduct an investigation by speaking to employees
(investigation means "inquiry" in other words, ask questions, obtain facts),
Council Members are not permitted to direct staff in the performance of their
duties in any manner whatsoever. Any such direction must instead be given to
the Manager, who will then determine the most appropriate manner in which to
proceed vis-a-vis Village employees.
f. A majority of the Council (3 votes) is required for the Council to take any action
(Charter Sec. 2.09). Some action requires a super-majority (4 votes) of the
Council to pass, e.g. hiring or removal of the Village Manager.
g. No one Council Member may direct the Village Manager unless that authority has
been given to such Council Member by action of the Village Council itself.
h. The Village Charter allows the Village Council to adopt personnel policies
(Charter Sec. 3.03).
i. The Village Charter allows the Village Council to establish Village Departments
(Once established though, the Manager is responsible for their operation)
(Charter Sec. 3.05).
j. The Village Manager administers the operation of all aspects of the Village in all
other capacities.
2. SUNSHINE LAW
a. Meetings of Council Members where official action or discussion about official
action takes place must be open to the public, noticed, and recorded via minutes
(Fla. Stat. Sec. 286.011).
b. Council Members may not discuss any matter on which foreseeable action will be
taken by the Council, except in a public, noticed and recorded Sunshine meeting.
c. Knowing and intentional violations carry criminal penalties.
d. The Sunshine Law does not apply to the Manager, Village staff, or the Attorney.
Thus, any one Council Member may have private discussions about Village
Council action items (or about anything else) with the Manager or the Attorney at
any time.
e. One-way communication from one Council Member to all others (via e-mail or
written memo for example) does not technically violate Sunshine Law
requirements. However, if interaction/discussion/response ensues, then there
would be a violation.
f. Sunshine Law Exceptions include litigation "shade" meetings, and collective
bargaining meetings with the Village's negotiating team.
3. PUBLIC RECORDS
a. Any document, regardless of medium within which it is created, made or received
in connection with Village business, is a public record (Fla. Stat. Ch. 119).
b. Includes e-mail, text messages, and social media messages.
c. If created on your personal e-mail, any correspondence that is a public record is
your personal responsibility: YOU are responsible for maintaining the document
pursuant to state records retention guidelines, and turning it over in response to a
records request. Therefore, my strong recommendation is that all Village-related
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Agenda Item #4.
communications be made via your Village issued and maintained e-mail
accounts. Avoid text messages and avoid using social media for Village-related
matters. To the extent that these mediums generate a public record, that record
must be properly preserved.
d. Knowing and intentional violations carry criminal penalties.
4. QUASI JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS
a. Land development or use requests including site plan approvals, special
exceptions, and variances. All quasi-judicial proceedings involve the application
of codified criteria to an application or request. These matters are handled at
publicly noticed hearings and decisions must be based on the evidence received
at such hearing.
1. Variances are requests to develop land contrary to codified code criteria. The
applicant must prove (among other criteria) that application of the code
creates a hardship that does not allow reasonable use of the land (Village
Code Ch. 78 Art. III).
2. Special Exceptions are requests to use land in a manner that has been
determined to be permissible so long as certain protections are in place
(Village Code Ch. 78, Art. IX, Division 3).
b. Conditions of Approval may be imposed on quasi-judicial requests; however, any
condition must be reasonably related to the request being made and must be
proportional to the request being made (Village Code Secs. 78-65 and 78-365).
Violation of this concept can, under recent case law, expose the Village to
takings (known as "exaction") claims.
c. Regarding ex-parte communications, pursuant to Sec. 286.0115(1), Fla. Stat., a
municipality may adopt an ordinance or resolution removing the presumption of
prejudice from ex parte communications with local public officials by establishing
a process to disclose ex parte communications with such officials before or
during the public meeting at which a vote is taken on such matters pursuant to
this subsection or by adopting an alternative process for such disclosure. By
doing so, persons who have opinions to the contrary to those expressed in the ex
parte communication are given a reasonable opportunity to refute or respond to
the communication. The Village of Tequesta HAS adopted such a resolution.
5. GIFTS
a. Any gift from a vendor or lobbyist with annual aggregate value that exceeds
$100.00 is prohibited (Sec. 2-444 Palm Beach County Code of Ethics; Fla. Stat.
Sec. 112.3148).
b. Otherwise, any gifts valued at $100.00 or more must be reported to the state
(with a copy to the county) quarterly. Gifts from relatives are exempt from this
reporting requirement (Sec. 2-444 Palm Beach County Code of Ethics; Fla. Stat.
Sec. 112.3148).
6. VOTING CONFLICTS
a. Any item before the Village Council for action that would result in a personal
financial benefit or loss, or a financial benefit or loss to family member or spouse,
or principal or business associate (Sec. 2-443 Palm Beach County Code of
Ethics; Fla. Stat. Sec. 112.3143). There are no other legally recognized voting
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Agenda Item #4.
conflicts, and in the absence of this recognized category of conflict, you must
vote on the matter before you.
b. The affected Council Member must abstain from participation and voting, must
disclose the nature of the conflict, and must complete a voting conflict form which
gets appended to meeting minutes and a copy of which is provided to the Palm
Beach County Commission on Ethics (Sec. 2-443 Palm Beach County Code of
Ethics; Fla. Stat. Sec. 112.3143).
7. CONFLICT OF INTEREST- DOING BUSINESS WITH THE VILLAGE
a. Section 112.313(3), Fla. Stat., and the Palm Beach County Code of Ethics
prohibit a public officer (elected or appointed) in his official capacity (including
action taken by the collegial body) from directly or indirectly acquiring (purchase,
lease, rent) anything for his agency from a business that the public officer or his
spouse or child is an officer or owner of a "material interest" (5%). This applies to
profit and non-profit businesses alike.
b. Section 112.313(3), Fla. Stat., and the Palm Beach County Code of Ethics also
prohibit a public officer (elected or appointed) acting in his capacity as a private
businessperson from providing (sell, lease, rent) anything from his business to
his agency or the political subdivision served by his agency.
1. Donations to the Village are allowed.
2. Merely being an employee, and being uninvolved with the provision is also
allowed.
c. Three general exceptions:
1. Rotation list containing all qualified suppliers.
2. Sealed bid process.
3. Health, Safety, Welfare emergency provision/acquisition.
d. Finally, Section 112.313(7), Fla. Stat., and the Palm Beach County Code of
Ethics prohibit a public officer from having a contractual relationship or
employment with his agency OR with any business entity that is subject to the
regulation of his agency OR is doing business with his agency.
1. Examples: A port authority regulating a shipping company; a Planning Board
regulating general contractors doing business in the Village. Business Tax
Receipt is not included, nor is the enforcement of laws of general applicability.
2. The key is that you cannot serve two masters (both the Village and the
business interest).
3. The statute and code are written in an attempt to prevent situations
where private economic considerations may override the faithful
discharge of public duties. It is concerned with what might happen,
with the temptation to dishonor.
8. MISUSE OF PUBLIC POSITION
a. Section 112.313(6), Fla. Stat., and the Palm Beach County Code of Ethics
prohibit public officers from corruptly using or attempting to use their official
position or any property or resource within their trust, or perform their official
duties, to secure any special privilege, benefit, or exemption for themselves or for
another. Corruptly means "with wrongful intent."
9. LOBBYISTS
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Agenda Item #4.
a. Anyone who is employed and for compensation, seeks to influence a decision of
the Village Council or other Village Board, through oral or written means, or
attempts to obtain the goodwill of any Council Member or Village personnel
(Palm Beach County Lobbyist Registration Ordinance).
b. Exceptions are: Village personnel acting on behalf of the Village; someone hired
solely to appear at a quasi-judicial hearing or comp plan hearing; expert witness
hired to offer expert testimony; someone speaking on their own behalf; a League
of Cities employee speaking on behalf of the League. Attorneys representing a
client in an administrative or judicial proceeding, or at mediation or arbitration are
not considered to be lobbyists (Palm Beach County Lobbyist Registration
Ordinance).
c. Prior to lobbying, a lobbyist must register at the county's central lobbyist
registration site and pay the requisite fee ($25.00).
d. Former elected officials must wait two (2) years from the end of their service prior
to lobbying in front of their former governing body (Fla. Stat. Sec. 112.313 (14)).
10.ANNUAL FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
a. All Village Council members must submit a "Statement of Financial Interests"
(known as Form 1) no later than July 1 of each calendar year they are in service.
(Fla. Stat. Sec. 112.3145).
b. Failure to submit a timely disclosure form can result in the imposition of civil
penalties. Forms are completed and submitted electronically through a uniform
portal under managed by the Florida Commission on Ethics. (Fla. Stat. Sec.
112.31446).
c. As you are aware, the Florida Legislature attempted to change the law in 2023 to
require municipal elected officials to file the "Full and Public Disclosure of
Financial Interests" (known as Form 6) which is the same form filed by county
commissioners and state constitutional officers. This is a much more detailed
disclosure of actual assets and liabilities, as opposed to the more general
disclosure required by Form 1. Litigation challenging this change in the law
remains pending in federal and state court. A temporary injunction prohibiting
the state from applying the new "Form 6" requirement against municipal elected
officials was granted last Spring and remains in effect pending the final
adjudication of the lawsuit.
11.MANDATORY ETHICS TRAINING
a. Each year, all elected Village Council members must complete a minimum of four
(4) hours of ethics training. The content must include the Code of Ethics (s. 8,
Art. II Florida Constitution and Fla. Stat. Ch. 112 Part III), the Sunshine Law, and
Public Records. Compliance is reported on the annual statement of financial
interests and is on the "honor system". Council members should complete the
required state-mandated training as close as possible to the date they assume
office. A newly elected Council member who assumes a new office on or before
March 31 must complete the annual training on or before December 31 of that
year. However, if the individual takes office after March 31, he or she is not
required to complete the training until the next calendar year.
b. In addition, Pursuant to Article XIII, Sec. 2-446 of the Palm Beach County Code
of Ethics, all Council members are required to read the Palm Beach County Code
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of Ethics, receive training on the requirements of the Code of Ethics and sign an
acknowledgement form. All Village elected officials must receive initial training
within sixty (60) days of taking office. After initial training, periodic mandatory
follow-up training is required of all Village elected and appointed officials upon re-
election or re-appointment, as applicable, and should be completed in
accordance with Village policy.
12.PERSONAL LIABILITY
a. Acting pursuant to the Village Attorneys advice insulates and protects you from
personal liability.
b. Conversely, should you decide to disregard such advice, you are exposed to
personal liability. Even if I am wrong (difficult to comprehend, I KNOW!!), you are
insulated from personal liability.
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